Mene ne Bambancin Kayan Magnetic?

Magnetism, wani muhimmin ƙarfi na yanayi, yana bayyana a cikin kayayyaki daban-daban, kowannensu yana da halaye na musamman da kumamanyan aikace-aikaceFahimtar nau'ikan kayan maganadisu daban-daban yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga fannoni daban-daban, ciki har da kimiyyar lissafi, injiniyanci, da fasaha. Bari mu zurfafa cikin duniyar abubuwan maganadisu masu ban sha'awa mu bincika halayensu, rarrabuwarsu, da amfaninsu a aikace.

1. Kayan Ferromagnetic:

Kayan ferromagnetic suna da ƙarfi da ƙarfimaganadisu na dindindin, ko da babu filin maganadisu na waje. Baƙin ƙarfe, nickel, da cobalt misalai ne na kayan ferromagnetic. Waɗannan kayan suna da lokutan maganadisu na bazata waɗanda suka daidaita a hanya ɗaya, suna ƙirƙirar ƙarfin filin maganadisu gaba ɗaya. Ana amfani da kayan ferromagnetic sosai a aikace-aikace kamar na'urorin adana maganadisu, injunan lantarki, da na'urorin canza wutar lantarki saboda ƙarfin halayen maganadisu.

2. Kayan Aiki Masu Ma'ana:

Kayan paramagnetic suna da rauni wajen jan hankalin filayen maganadisu kuma suna nuna magnetization na ɗan lokaci idan aka fallasa su ga irin waɗannan filayen. Ba kamar kayan ferromagnetic ba, kayan paramagnetic ba sa riƙe magnetization da zarar an cire filin waje. Abubuwa kamar aluminum, platinum, da oxygen paramagnetic ne saboda kasancewar electrons marasa haɗin kai, waɗanda suka dace da filin maganadisu na waje amma suna komawa zuwa yanayin bazuwar da zarar an cire filin. Kayan paramagnetic suna samun aikace-aikace a cikin injunan daukar hoton maganadisu (MRI), inda raunin amsawarsu ga filayen maganadisu yana da fa'ida.

3. Kayan Aiki Masu Layuka:

Kayan da ke da siffar diamagnetic, sabanin kayan ferromagnetic da paramagnetic, filayen maganadisu suna korar su. Lokacin da aka fallasa su ga filin maganadisu, kayan da ke da siffar diamagnetic suna haɓaka raunin filin maganadisu mai adawa da juna, wanda ke sa a kore su daga tushen filin. Misalan da aka saba gani na kayan da ke da siffar diamagnetic sun haɗa da jan ƙarfe, bismuth, da ruwa. Duk da cewa tasirin diamagnetic yana da rauni idan aka kwatanta da ferromagnetic da paramagnetic, yana da muhimman tasiri a fannoni kamar kimiyyar kayan aiki da fasahar levitation.

4. Kayan Aiki na Ferrimagnetic:

Kayan ferrimagnetic suna nuna halayen maganadisu iri ɗaya da kayan ferromagnetic amma suna da halaye daban-daban na maganadisu. A cikin kayan ferrimagnetic, ƙananan ramuka guda biyu na lokutan maganadisu suna daidaitawa a cikin kwatance daban-daban, wanda ke haifar da lokacin maganadisu. Wannan tsari yana haifar da maganadisu na dindindin, kodayake yawanci yana da rauni fiye da na kayan ferromagnetic. Ferrites, wani nau'in kayan yumbu wanda ke ɗauke da mahaɗan ƙarfe, misalai ne na kayan ferrimagnetic. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin na'urorin lantarki, sadarwa, da na'urorin microwave saboda halayen maganadisu da na lantarki.

5. Kayan da ke hana fata fata:

Kayan antiferromagnetic suna nuna tsarin maganadisu wanda lokutan maganadisu masu maƙwabtaka suka daidaita da juna, wanda ke haifar da sokewar lokacin maganadisu gaba ɗaya. Sakamakon haka, kayan antiferromagnetic yawanci ba sa nuna magnetization na macroscopic. Manganese oxide da chromium misalai ne na kayan antiferromagnetic. Duk da cewa ba za su iya samun aikace-aikacen kai tsaye a cikin fasahar maganadisu ba, kayan antiferromagnetic suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin bincike na asali da haɓaka spintronics, wani reshe na kayan lantarki wanda ke amfani da juyawar electrons.