He aha nā mea Magnetic like ʻole?

ʻO ka Magnetism, kahi mana kumu o ke kūlohelohe, e hōʻike ʻia i nā mea like ʻole, kēlā me kēia me kona mau waiwai kūikawā anā noi magentHe mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano mea magnetic like ʻole no nā ʻano like ʻole, me ke kinoea, ka ʻenekinia, a me ka ʻenehana. E luʻu kākou i loko o ke ao hoihoi o nā mea magnetic a e ʻimi i ko lākou mau ʻano, nā hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a me nā hoʻohana pono.

1. Nā Mea Ferromagnetic:

Hōʻike nā mea Ferromagnetic i ka ikaika a me kaka magnetization mau loa, ʻoiai me ka ʻole o kahi kahua magnetic waho. ʻO ka hao, ka nickel, a me ka cobalt nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā mea ferromagnetic. Loaʻa i kēia mau mea nā manawa magnetic spontaneous e kūlike ana ma ke kuhikuhi like, e hana ana i kahi kahua magnetic holoʻokoʻa ikaika. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea Ferromagnetic i nā noi e like me nā mea mālama magnetic, nā mīkini uila, a me nā mea hoʻololi ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai magnetic ikaika.

2. Nā Mea Paramagnetic:

Hoʻowalewale nāwaliwali ʻia nā mea paramagnetic i nā kahua magnetic a hōʻike i ka magnetization manawa pōkole ke hōʻike ʻia i ia mau kahua. ʻAʻole e like me nā mea ferromagnetic, ʻaʻole paʻa nā mea paramagnetic i ka magnetization ke wehe ʻia ke kahua waho. ʻO nā mea e like me ka alumini, platinum, a me ka oxygen he paramagnetic ma muli o ke alo o nā electrons i hui ʻole ʻia, e kūlike me ke kahua magnetic waho akā hoʻi i nā kuhikuhi random ke wehe ʻia ke kahua. Loaʻa nā noi i nā mea paramagnetic i nā mīkini magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), kahi e pono ai kā lākou pane nāwaliwali i nā kahua magnetic.

3. Nā Mea Diamagnetic:

ʻO nā mea diamagnetic, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā mea ferromagnetic a me nā mea paramagnetic, ua kipaku ʻia e nā kahua magnetic. Ke hōʻike ʻia i kahi kahua magnetic, hoʻomohala nā mea diamagnetic i kahi kahua magnetic kū'ē nāwaliwali, e hoʻokuke ʻia ai lākou mai ke kumu o ke kahua. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o nā mea diamagnetic e komo pū me ke keleawe, bismuth, a me ka wai. ʻOiai he nāwaliwali ka hopena diamagnetic i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ferromagnetism a me ka paramagnetism, he mau hopena koʻikoʻi kona i nā kahua e like me ka ʻepekema mea a me ka ʻenehana levitation.

4. Nā Mea Ferrimagnetic:

Hōʻike nā mea Ferrimagnetic i ke ʻano magnetic e like me nā mea ferromagnetic akā me nā waiwai magnetic ʻokoʻa. I loko o nā mea ferrimagnetic, ʻelua mau sublattices o nā manawa magnetic e kūlike ana i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e hopena ana i kahi manawa magnetic net. Hāʻawi kēia hoʻonohonoho i ka magnetization mau loa, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali ma mua o nā mea ferromagnetic. ʻO Ferrites, kahi papa o nā mea seramika e loaʻa ana nā hui hao oxide, he mau hiʻohiʻona kaulana o nā mea ferrimagnetic. Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā mea uila, nā kelepona, a me nā mea microwave ma muli o ko lākou mau waiwai magnetic a me ka uila.

5. Nā Mea Antiferromagnetic:

Hōʻike nā mea Antiferromagnetic i ke kauoha magnetic kahi e hoʻohālikelike ai nā manawa magnetic pili i kahi antiparallel i kekahi i kekahi, e hopena ana i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka manawa magnetic holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole hōʻike pinepine nā mea antiferromagnetic i ka magnetization macroscopic. ʻO ka manganese oxide a me ka chromium nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea antiferromagnetic. ʻOiai ʻaʻole paha lākou e loaʻa i nā noi pololei i nā ʻenehana magnetic, he kuleana koʻikoʻi nā mea antiferromagnetic i ka noiʻi kumu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā spintronics, kahi lālā o nā mea uila e hoʻohana ana i ka milo o nā electrons.