Cov Khoom Siv Sib Nqus Sib Txawv Yog Dab Tsi?

Magnetism, lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm xwm, tshwm sim hauv ntau yam khoom siv, txhua tus muaj nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiabcov ntawv thov magentKev nkag siab txog ntau hom khoom siv sib nqus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau ntau yam kev kawm, suav nrog physics, engineering, thiab technology. Cia peb kawm txog lub ntiaj teb ntawm cov khoom siv sib nqus thiab tshawb nrhiav lawv cov yam ntxwv, kev faib tawm, thiab kev siv.

1. Cov Khoom Siv Ferromagnetic:

Cov ntaub ntawv Ferromagnetic qhia tau tias muaj zog thiabkev sib nqus tas mus li, txawm tias tsis muaj lub zog sib nqus sab nraud. Hlau, nickel, thiab cobalt yog cov piv txwv zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic. Cov ntaub ntawv no muaj lub zog sib nqus uas sib phim tib qho kev taw qhia, tsim kom muaj lub zog sib nqus tag nrho. Cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic siv dav hauv cov ntawv thov xws li cov khoom siv khaws cia sib nqus, cov cav hluav taws xob, thiab cov transformers vim lawv cov khoom sib nqus muaj zog.

2. Cov Khoom Siv Paramagnetic:

Cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic raug rub tsis muaj zog rau cov teb sib nqus thiab ua rau muaj kev sib nqus ib ntus thaum raug rau cov teb zoo li no. Tsis zoo li cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic, cov ntaub ntawv paramagnetic tsis khaws cia kev sib nqus thaum lub teb sab nraud raug tshem tawm. Cov tshuaj xws li txhuas, platinum, thiab oxygen yog paramagnetic vim muaj cov electrons tsis sib txuas, uas sib phim nrog lub teb sib nqus sab nraud tab sis rov qab mus rau qhov kev taw qhia random thaum lub teb raug tshem tawm. Cov ntaub ntawv Paramagnetic pom cov ntawv thov hauv cov tshuab magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), qhov twg lawv cov lus teb tsis muaj zog rau cov teb sib nqus yog qhov zoo.

3. Cov Khoom Siv Diamagnetic:

Cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic, sib piv rau cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic thiab paramagnetic, raug cov teb magnetic repelled. Thaum raug rau lub teb magnetic, cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic tsim lub teb magnetic tsis muaj zog, ua rau lawv raug thawb tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub teb. Piv txwv li ntawm cov ntaub ntawv diamagnetic suav nrog tooj liab, bismuth, thiab dej. Txawm hais tias qhov cuam tshuam diamagnetic tsis muaj zog piv rau ferromagnetism thiab paramagnetism, nws muaj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv cov teb xws li cov ntaub ntawv science thiab levitation technology.

4. Cov Khoom Siv Ferrimagnetic:

Cov ntaub ntawv ferrimagnetic qhia txog tus cwj pwm sib nqus zoo ib yam li cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic tab sis muaj cov khoom sib nqus sib txawv. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv ferrimagnetic, ob lub sublattices ntawm lub zog sib nqus sib phim hauv cov lus qhia sib txawv, ua rau muaj lub zog sib nqus. Qhov kev teeb tsa no ua rau muaj kev sib nqus tas mus li, txawm hais tias feem ntau tsis muaj zog dua li cov ntaub ntawv ferromagnetic. Ferrites, ib chav kawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ceramic uas muaj cov hlau oxide sib xyaw, yog cov piv txwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ferrimagnetic. Lawv siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, kev sib txuas lus, thiab cov khoom siv microwave vim lawv cov khoom sib nqus thiab hluav taws xob.

5. Cov Khoom Siv Antiferromagnetic:

Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hlau nplaum qhia txog kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas cov sijhawm sib nqus sib txuas ua ke sib npaug, ua rau muaj kev tshem tawm ntawm tag nrho cov sijhawm sib nqus. Yog li ntawd, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hlau nplaum feem ntau tsis qhia txog kev sib nqus loj heev. Manganese oxide thiab chromium yog cov piv txwv ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hlau nplaum. Txawm hais tias lawv yuav tsis pom cov ntawv thov ncaj qha hauv cov thev naus laus zis sib nqus, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv hlau nplaum ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb tseem ceeb thiab kev txhim kho spintronics, ib ceg ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob tig.