Kei Muri i ngā Whakaaturanga: Te Hanganga o ngā Aukume Neodymium Āhua-U

I roto i ngā ahumahi kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te kaha aukume, te arotahi aronga, me te hoahoa kiato,Ngā aukume neodymium āhua-Utū hei toa kāore i te mōhiotia. Engari me pēhea te whānautanga mai o ēnei aukume kaha, āhua ahurei? Ko te haerenga mai i te paura mata ki te hōiho mahi aukume mahi teitei he mahi na te pūtaiao rauemi, te hangarau tino nui, me te whakahaere kounga tino tika. Kia tomo tātou ki te papa wheketere.

Ngā Rauemi Mata: Te Tūāpapa

Ka tīmata katoa ki te toru "NdFeB":

• Neodymium (Nd): Ko te whetu o ngā huānga whenua onge, e āhei ai te kaha aukume kore e rite.
• Rino (Fe): Te pou tuarā hanganga.
• Pōroni (B): Ko te mea whakaū, e whakarei ake ana i te kaha whakakā (te ātete ki te tango i te aukume).

Ka whakaranua ēnei huānga ki te konukōre, ka rewa, ka tere te whakamatao kia rite ki ngā kongakonga, kātahi ka mirahia kia rite ki te paura angiangi, he rite ki te maikorona te rahi. Ko te mea nui, me kore he hāora te paura (ka tukatukahia i roto i te hau/korehau) hei ārai i te waikura e whakararu ana i te mahi aukume.

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Wāhanga 1: Te Pēhi – Te Hanga i te Ao o Muri Mai

Ka utaina te paura ki roto i ngā pokepoke. Mō ngā aukume āhua-U, e rua ngā tikanga pēhi e whakamahia ana:

1. Te Pēhitanga Isostatic:
   • Kua takaihia te paura ki roto i tētahi pokepokea ngāwari.
   • Ka pāngia e te pēhanga waipēhi tino teitei (10,000+ PSI) mai i ngā taha katoa.
   • Ka whakaputa i ngā papa kau tata te āhua ki te kupenga, he ōrite te matotoru me te āhua aukume.
2. Te Pēhi Whakapae:
   • Ka whakarārangihia ngā matūriki e te papa aukumei roto ite pēhi
   • He mea nui mō te whakanui ake i te hua pūngao o te aukume(BH)mōrahii ngā pou o te U.

He aha te hirangaKo te whakaritenga matūriki e whakatau ana i te kaha ahunga o te aukume—ka ngaro te pai o te aukume-U kāore i te whakarite tika i te neke atu i te 30%.

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Wāhanga 2: Te Whakapūtanga – Te "Ahi Hononga"

Ka uru ngā wāhanga "kakariki" kua pēhia ki roto i ngā oumu whakawera korehau:

• Kua whakamahanatia ki te ≈1080°C (tata ki te ira rewa) mō ngā hāora.
• Ka hanumi ngā matūriki hei hanganga moroiti totoka, kikī.
• Ka maukati te puhoi o te whakamatao i te hanganga tioata.

Te Wero: Ka piko ngā āhua-U nā te kore taurite o te tohatoha papatipu. He mea nui te hoahoa o ngā taputapu me ngā pihi pāmahana tika hei pupuri i te pumau o ngā āhuatanga.

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Wāhanga 3: Te Mīhini – Te Tika i roto i Ia Piko

He pakarukaru te NdFeB kua whakatōkia (pērā i te uku). Me mātau ki te taputapu taimana te hanga i te U:

• Te Huri: Ka tapahia e ngā wira pania ki te taimana te piko o roto me ngā waewae o waho ki ngā āheinga o te ±0.05 mm.
• Waea EDM: Mō ngā kōtaha-U uaua, ka mimiti te rauemi i te waea kua whakakīia me te tika o te maikorone.
• Te whakakorikori: Kua whakamāeneenehia ngā taha katoa kia kore ai e pakaru, kia kukū ai hoki te rerenga aukume.

He mea whakamereHe tino mura te paru huri NdFeB! Ka ārai ngā pūnaha whakamatao i ngā mura ahi, ka hopu hoki i ngā matūriki hei hangarua.

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Wāhanga 4: Piko – Ina tūtaki ngā aukume ki te Origami

He ara kē atu mō ngā aukume-U nui:

1. Ka whakakorikoria ngā poraka tapawhā rite, ā, ka hurihia.
2. Kua wera ki te ≈200°C (i raro iho i te pāmahana Curie).
3. Kua pikohia kia hanga he "U" mā te waipēhi ki ngā mate tika.

Te Toi: Tere rawa = pakaru. Mātao rawa = whati. Me taurite te pāmahana, te pēhanga, me te pūtoro piko kia kore ai e pakaru ngā whati moroiti e ngoikore ai te aukume.

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Wāhanga 5: Te Paninga – Te Pūeru

Ka tere te waikura o te NdFeB tahanga. Kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i te paninga:

• Whakakikorua: Ko ngā paparanga toru o te nikara-parahi-nikara (Ni-Cu-Ni) e ātete ana ki te waikura.
• Epoxy/Parylene: Mō ngā tono hauora/taiao e āraia ana te whakamahi i ngā katote konganuku.
• Ngā mea motuhake: Koura (hikohiko), Konutea (utu iti).

Te Wero Āhua-U: Ko te paninga ōrite o te pihi ā-roto kikī me whakamahi i te whakakikorua oko motuhake, i ngā pūnaha rehu karetao rānei.

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Wāhanga 6: Te Aukumetanga – Te "Oho Ake"

Ka whiwhi te aukume i tōna mana whakamutunga, ā, ka kore e pakaru i te wā e whakamahia ana:

• Kei waenganui i ngā koiri nunui e peia ana e te pūnga hiko.
• I tukuna ki tētahi āpure pāorooro > 30,000 Oe (3 Tesla) mō ngā mirihekona.
• Ka whakatakotoria te ahunga o te mara kia poutū ki te turanga o te U, kia whakarārangihia ai ngā pou i ngā pito.

Te āhuatanga matuaHe maha ngā wā ka hiahiatia he aukume-U hei aukume i ngā pou maha (hei tauira, ngā pou tauutuutu puta noa i te mata o roto) mō te whakamahinga o te pūoko/mōta.

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Wāhanga 7: Mana Kounga – Kei tua atu i ngā Mita Gauss

Ka whakamatautauria kinotia ia aukume-U:

1. Mita Kauss/Mita Rere: Ka ine i te papa mata me te kiato rere.
2. Mīhini Ine Taunga (CMM): Manatoko i te tika o ngā āhuatanga taumata-micron.
3. Whakamātautau Rehu Tote: Whakamana i te pakari o te paninga (hei tauira, te ātete mō ngā haora 48–500+).
4. Ngā Whakamātautau Tōia: Hei pupuri i ngā aukume, ka whakamana i te kaha piri.
5. Tātaritanga o te Āwhiowhio Whakakore Aukume: Whakaū i te (BH)max, Hci, HcJ.

He hapa? Ahakoa he 2% te rerekētanga, he whakahēnga. Ko ngā āhua-U e hiahia ana kia tino tika.

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He aha te take e hiahiatia ai te mahi toi kounga teitei mō te āhua-U

1. Te Kukū o te Taumahatanga: He mōrearea ngā piko me ngā kokonga ki te whati.
2. Te Pūmau o te Ara Rere: Ka whakanuia e ngā āhua kore-taurite ngā hapa whakarārangi.
3. Te ōritetanga o te paninga: Ka mau ngā mirumiru, ngā ira angiangi rānei i ngā piko o roto.

"Ehara i te mea ko te hanga rauemi anake te hanga i tētahi aukume-U—engarite whakaritete ahupūngao."
— Kaihanga Tukanga Matua, Magnet Factory

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Whakamutunga: Te Wāhi e Tūtaki ai te Hangarau me te Toi

A te wā ka kite koe i tētahi aukume neodymium āhua-U e here ana i tētahi motuka tere-rahi, e pure ana i ngā konganuku hangarua, e whakahohe ana rānei i tētahi putanga hauora, kia mahara: ko tōna piko huatau e huna ana i tētahi pakiwaitara o te whakaritenga ngota, te wera nui, te tika o te taimana, me te whakamana tonu. Ehara i te mea ko te hanga noa iho tēnei—ko te wikitoria puku o te pūtaiao rauemi e pana ana i ngā rohe ahumahi.

Kei te hiahia koe ki ngā aukume āhua-U ritenga?Tohaina mai ō āhuatanga – mā mātou e whakatere i te ara hangahanga māu.