Kodi maginito akuluakulu a neodymium ndi otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito?

Mfundo ndi Malamulo Oyendetsera Chitetezo

Kumafakitale ambiri, kufika kwamaginito akuluakulu a neodymiumChasintha kwambiri. Luso lawo lotha kuteteza, kunyamula, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zolemera ndi malo ochepa silingafanane ndi ena. Koma monga momwe woyang'anira aliyense wodziwa bwino ntchito kapena woyang'anira shopu angakuuzireni, mphamvu yoyambirira imafuna ulemu winawake. Funso silili ngati maginito awa ndi otetezeka; koma ndi zomwe muyenera kudziwa kuti muwapange otetezeka m'manja mwanu. Kuchokera pakutenga nawo mbali mwachindunji pakusankha ndi kuyesa zigawozi kwa makasitomala amafakitale, tiyeni tiyende m'njira zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito popanda vuto.

Kudziwa Gwero la Mphamvu

Pamtima pawo, maginito awa akuyimira kupita patsogolo mu uinjiniya wamakono wazinthu—chopangidwa ndi neodymium, iron, ndi boron chomwe chimapanga mphamvu yamaginito yolimba kwambiri. Ndi "mphamvu" iyi yogwira ntchito kwambiri yomwe imalola diski yaying'ono, yolemera kunyamula katundu wolemera mapaundi mazana angapo. Komabe, mphamvu imeneyi imabweretsa machitidwe osiyana ndi maginito wamba: kukoka kwawo ndi kwamphamvu komanso kofulumira, kutalika kwawo kogwira ntchito ndi mainchesi angapo mpaka mapazi, ndipo mawonekedwe awo enieni amatha kukhala ofooka modabwitsa. Zosankha zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yofotokozera zinthu—kalasi, zokutira, ndi zida zilizonse zogwirira ntchito—ndizosankha zofunika kwambiri zachitetezo, osati kusintha magwiridwe antchito okha.

Kuyenda mu Zoopsa Zenizeni

1. Ngozi Yokhudza Kuphwanya Ubwenzi: Kuposa Kungogona.

   Choopsa kwambiri ndi mphamvu yokoka. Pamene maginito akuluakulu apeza pamwamba pa chitsulo kapena maginito ena, samangolumikizana—amagundana. Izi zimatha kugwira chilichonse pakati ndi mphamvu yophwanya mafupa. Pali chochitika china chomwe ndikukumbukira bwino m'nyumba yosungiramo zinthu: gulu linagwiritsa ntchito maginito a mainchesi 4 kuti litenge bulaketi yogwa. Maginitowo anathamangira ku I-beam, anagwira m'mphepete mwa lamba wa zida za wantchito pakati pa kayendedwe kake, ndipo anamukoka mwamphamvu m'nyumbamo—kumusiya ndi nthiti zosweka. Phunziroli silinali lomveka bwino: kukhazikitsa malo omveka bwino mozungulira njira ya maginito nthawi zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, kugundana maginito awiri amphamvu kungayambitse kusweka ngati ceramic, kufalitsa zidutswa zakuthwa, zouluka. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka kwambiri ndi maginito omwe ndi apamwamba komanso ofooka kwambiri.

2. Kugwirizana ndi Kufooka

Kusamvetsetsana komwe kulipo pakati pa anthu ndi kuyerekeza nambala ya "N" yapamwamba ndi maginito abwino. Giredi ya N52 imapereka mphamvu zambiri, koma imataya kulimba. M'malo osinthasintha—monga mizere yolumikizirana kapena yomanga—komwe kugwa kapena kugundana kungatheke, kufooka kumeneku kumakhala vuto. Tinalangiza shopu yopanga zitsulo yomwe nthawi zonse inkasintha ma disc a N52 osweka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira chitsulo. Mwa kusintha kupita ku giredi yokhuthala pang'ono ya N45, adasunga mphamvu yokwanira yosungira pomwe akuchotsa kusweka kwakukulu. Pa ntchito zambiri, chitetezo chabwino chimakhala pakusankha giredi yomwe imalinganiza mphamvu yokwanira ndi kulimba kofunikira.

3. Munda Wosaoneka: Mavuto Okhudza Kusokoneza

Mphamvu yamphamvu ya maginito yopangidwa ndi maginito akuluakulu a neodymium, ngakhale kuti siioneka, imabweretsa zoopsa zooneka. Zotsatira zake zimayambira kutayika kwa deta pa malo osungira maginito ndi kuchotsedwa kwa maginito a ziyeneretso zolowera mpaka kusokoneza zida zolondola. Gawo lina lodetsa nkhawa kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwake kusokoneza zida zamankhwala zomwe zimayikidwa m'thupi, monga opanga mtima ndi mapampu a insulin. Mphamvu ya maginito ikhoza kusintha zidazi kukhala njira yapadera kapena kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito awo. Malo ena omwe tidagwira nawo ntchito tsopano akukhazikitsa malire a tepi yowala yachikasu pansi kuti maginito azikhala pamtunda wa mamita 10 kuchokera ku kabati iliyonse yamagetsi ndipo amafuna chilolezo chachipatala kwa ogwira ntchito omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito.

4. Kutentha Kukachepetsa Mphamvu

Maginito onse ali ndi denga lotenthetsera. Pa magiredi wamba a neodymium, kuwonekera kosalekeza pamwamba pa 80°C (176°F) kumayambitsa kutayika kwa mphamvu ya maginito kosatha. M'malo monga malo olumikizirana, pafupi ndi mainjini, kapena pamalo ogwirira ntchito otenthetsera dzuwa, izi sizikutanthauza kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito—ndi chiopsezo cha kulephera. Maginito ofooka ndi kutentha amatha kutulutsa katundu wake mosayembekezereka. Kasitomala wopanga magalimoto adapeza izi pamene maginito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupi ndi uvuni wophikira anayamba kutaya zinthu. Yankho linali kutchula maginito a "H" kapena "SH" omwe ali ndi magiredi a 120°C kapena 150°C, sitepe yofunika kwambiri pa malo otentha kwambiri.

5. Kudzikundikira: Kuchepetsa Umphumphu wa Maginito

Kufooka kwa maginito a neodymium ndi kuchuluka kwa chitsulo komwe kumapangidwa, komwe kumabweretsa dzimbiri pakakhala chinyezi. Dzimbiri silimangosintha mtundu wa pamwamba; limafooketsa maginito kuchokera mkati, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusweka mwadzidzidzi ndi kulephera kukhale kotheka. Chitetezo chokha pa izi ndi chophimba choteteza. Chophimba cha nickel chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chili ndi vuto lalikulu: ndi chopyapyala kwambiri ndipo chimasweka mosavuta ndi mikwingwirima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maginitowo awonekere. Izi zimafuna kusankha kwanzeru kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zovuta panja, m'malo otsukira, kapena pafupi ndi mankhwala. Pazochitikazi, chophimba cha epoxy cholemera kapena chophimba cha nickel-copper-nickel chokhala ndi zigawo zambiri ndiye chitetezo chofunikira. Umboni weniweni ndi wokhutiritsa: maginito otetezedwa ndi epoxy amakhala kwa zaka zambiri mu chinyezi, pomwe ena omwe ali ndi nickel-plated nthawi zambiri amalephera mkati mwa nyengo imodzi.

6. Chogwirira Chofunikira

Pa maginito opangidwa kuti anyamulidwe ndi manja, chogwiriracho ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo. Chida chosasankhidwa bwino kapena malo ofooka olumikizira chimayambitsa ngozi mwachindunji. Pulasitiki yotsika mtengo imakhala yofooka kutentha kozizira. Chogwirira cholumikizidwa ndi guluu wosakwanira chingachotsedwe pamene chikulemedwa. Zogwirira zabwino kwambiri zomwe tatchulazi zimagwiritsa ntchito rabara yopangidwa ndi overmolded kapena TPE kuti ikhale yolimba, yosaterereka ngakhale ndi magolovesi amafuta, ndipo imamangidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa makina omangira ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri. Nthawi zonse yesani chitsanzo ndi magolovesi omwe gulu lanu limavala.

Kumanga Chikhalidwe Chosamalira Anthu Motetezeka

Chitetezo ndi zida izi ndi njira yokhazikika. Umu ndi momwe zimaonekera pansi:

Fotokozani ndi Malo Ozungulira:Gwirani ntchito ndi wogulitsa wanu kuti mugwirizanitse maginito ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Kambiranani za momwe maginito amakhudzidwira ndi chinyezi, chiopsezo cha kugundana, kutentha kwambiri, ndi mphamvu yokoka yofunikira. Nthawi zambiri, maginito "abwino kwambiri" ndi omwe ali oyenera, osati amphamvu kwambiri.

PPE Yofunikira:Magolovesi ndi magalasi oteteza osasunthika ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Amateteza ku kuvulala koopsa komanso zidutswa za zinthu zomwe zingasweke mosavuta.

Gwiritsani Ntchito Njira Zanzeru Zogwiritsira Ntchito:

Gwiritsani ntchito zopalira maginito zosagwiritsa ntchito maginito (matabwa, pulasitiki) kuti maginito asamalekanitsidwe m'malo osungira.

Pa maginito olemera, gwiritsani ntchito chokweza kapena ngolo—musanyamule ndi manja.

Kuti mulekanitse maginito, muziwasuntha pakati; musazichotse.

Konzani Malo Osungira Zinthu Otetezeka:Sungani maginito pamalo ouma, olumikizidwa ku mbale yachitsulo kuti asunge malo awo. Sungani kutali ndi zamagetsi, makompyuta a chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito zida, ndi malo aliwonse omwe zipangizo zachipatala zingakhalepo.

Kuchepetsa Chiwopsezo 1:Kuyang'anira Musanagwiritse Ntchito (Chotsani Zida Zolakwika) Yesani kuyang'anira ndi maso ngati gawo lofunikira kuti muzindikire kusweka kwa utoto kapena kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe kake (zidutswa, ming'alu). Maginito owonongeka ndi malo osayembekezereka olephera ndipo ayenera kulembedwa ndi kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo.

Kuchepetsa Chiwopsezo 2:Maphunziro Oyambira Samalirani maphunziro oyambira. Onetsetsani kuti maphunziro akufotokoza mfundo za mphamvu yamaginito, kufooka kwa zinthu, ndi kusokoneza. Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kumvetsetsa zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zoyendetsera zinthu mosamala.

Kulamulira Kofunikira kwa Mapangidwe Apadera: Kutsimikizira kwa Prototype

Musanamalize kupanga oda yayikulu yopangidwa mwamakonda, lamulani kuti mupange ndi kuyesa zitsanzo zenizeni pansi pa mikhalidwe yeniyeni kapena yoyerekeza yautumiki (kutentha, mankhwala, kuyendetsa njinga yamakina). Uwu ndiye njira yothandiza kwambiri yopezera cholakwika cha kapangidwe kake mu chogwirira, cholumikizira, kapena mawonekedwe a chophimba.

Nkhani ya Misonkhano Iwiri

Taganizirani masitolo awiri ofanana a makina. Oyamba anagula maginito apamwamba a N52 pa intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yokoka yokha. Patangopita miyezi ingapo, angapo anasweka chifukwa cha kugundana pang'ono, ndipo limodzi, lokhala ndi chogwirira cha pulasitiki chopyapyala, linachotsedwa pamene likukwezedwa, n’kuwononga gawo lina. Ogulitsa achiwiri anafunsa katswiri. Anasankha mtundu wolimba wa N42 wokhala ndi epoxy coating ndi chogwirira cholimba, chopangidwa ndi chivundikiro. Anaphunzitsa gulu lawo ndikukhazikitsa malamulo ogwiritsira ntchito omwe ali pamwambapa. Patatha chaka chimodzi, maginito awo onse anali kugwira ntchito, popanda ngozi iliyonse yachitetezo. Kusiyana sikunali mwayi—kunali kufotokozera bwino komanso kuchita zinthu mwanzeru.

Mawu Omaliza

Ndi kumvetsetsa bwino ndi ulemu, maginito akuluakulu a neodymium ndi othandiza kwambiri komanso otetezeka kwathunthu. Chikhalidwe cha chitetezo chimamangidwa pa udindo wa ogwiritsa ntchito: kusankha chida choyenera, kukonzekeretsa bwino gululo ndi kuliphunzitsa, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera. Izi zimayamba ndi kugwirizana ndi wogulitsa wodziwa bwino ntchito ndikuyika patsogolo chitetezo m'mafotokozedwe anu oyamba. Mfundozi zikamasuliridwa kukhala zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, mumalola gulu lanu kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamaginito mokwanira popanda kusokoneza cholinga chachikulu chobweretsa aliyense kunyumba motetezeka.

Lingaliro limeneli lakhazikitsidwa pa mgwirizano ndi mainjiniya, akuluakulu achitetezo, ndi magulu ogula zinthu m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Cholinga chake ndi chitsogozo chothandiza. Pa ntchito iliyonse yeniyeni, nthawi zonse funsani ndikutsatira mfundo zaukadaulo ndi chitetezo zomwe wopanga maginito anu amapereka.