Kodi Mphamvu ya Maginito Imayesedwa Bwanji?

Maginito akhala zinthu zosangalatsa kwa zaka mazana ambiri, zomwe zimakopa asayansi ndi okonda zinthu zomwezo chifukwa cha luso lawo lodabwitsa lokopa zinthu zinazake. Kuyambira singano za kampasi zomwe zimatsogolera ofufuza akale mpaka njira zovuta kwambiri zaukadaulo wamakono, maginito amachita gawo lofunika kwambiri m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za miyoyo yathu. Koma kodi tingawerengere bwanji mphamvu ya izi?maginitoKodi timayesa bwanji mphamvu ya maginito? Tiyeni tifufuze njira ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mphamvu ya maginito.

Mphamvu ya Maginito

Mphamvu ya maginito imadalira mphamvu yake ya maginito, dera lozungulira maginito komwe mphamvu yake imamveka. Mphamvu imeneyi imayimiridwa ndi mizere ya mphamvu, kuyambira kumpoto kwa maginito mpaka kum'mwera kwake. Mizere iyi ikachuluka kwambiri, mphamvu ya maginito imakhala yolimba kwambiri.

Gauss ndi Tesla: Mayunitsi Oyezera

Kuti apeze mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito, asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi awiri akuluakulu oyezera: Gauss ndi Tesla.

Gauss (G): Dzinali lochokera kwa katswiri wa masamu komanso wa sayansi ya sayansi ya zaku Germany Carl Friedrich Gauss, limayesa kuchuluka kwa maginito kapena kulowetsedwa kwa maginito. Gauss imodzi ndi yofanana ndi Maxwell imodzi pa sentimita imodzi. Komabe, chifukwa cha kukula kochepa kwa Gauss, makamaka m'mikhalidwe yamakono, asayansi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Tesla popanga maginito amphamvu.

Tesla (T): Yotchedwa polemekeza wopanga zinthu wa ku Serbia-America komanso mainjiniya wamagetsi Nikola Tesla, chipangizochi chikuyimira kuchuluka kwa maginito poyerekeza ndi Gauss. Tesla imodzi ndi yofanana ndi Gauss 10,000, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chipangizo chothandiza kwambiri poyesa mphamvu zamaginito, monga zomwe zimapangidwa ndi maginito amphamvu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza zasayansi kapena ntchito zamafakitale.

Magnetometer

Magnetometer ndi zida zopangidwa kuti ziyeze mphamvu ndi komwe mphamvu zamaginito zimayendera. Zipangizozi zimabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira ma compass osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito m'manja mpaka zida zamakono za labotale. Nazi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya maginitometer omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa mphamvu zamaginito:

1. Magnetometer a Fluxgate: Magnetometer awa amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za electromagnetic induction poyesa kusintha kwa maginito. Amapangidwa ndi maginito amodzi kapena angapo ozunguliridwa ndi ma coil a waya. Akakumana ndi maginito, ma cores amakhala ndi maginito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chizindikiro chamagetsi chiziwonekera mu ma coil, omwe amatha kuyezedwa ndikulinganizidwa kuti adziwe mphamvu ya maginito.

2. Magnetometers a Hall Effect: Maginitomita a Hall effect amadalira Hall effect, yomwe imafotokoza kupanga kusiyana kwa magetsi (Hall voltage) kudutsa kondakitala yamagetsi ikayikidwa ku mphamvu ya maginito yolunjika ku kayendedwe ka magetsi. Poyesa mphamvu ya magetsi iyi, maginitomita a Hall effect amatha kudziwa mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito.

3. Magnetometer a SQUID: Ma magnetometer a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) ndi ena mwa ma magnetometer omwe ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Amagwira ntchito potengera mphamvu ya quantum ya ma superconductors, zomwe zimawathandiza kuzindikira mphamvu zamaginito zofooka kwambiri, mpaka kufika pamlingo wa femtoteslas (10^-15 Tesla).

Kulinganiza ndi Kukhazikitsa

Kuti zitsimikizire kuti miyeso ndi yolondola, ma magnetometer ayenera kuyesedwa bwino komanso kuyesedwa bwino. Kuyesedwa kumaphatikizapo kuyerekeza kutulutsa kwa ma magnetometer ndi mphamvu zodziwika bwino za maginito kuti pakhale ubale wolunjika pakati pa kuwerenga kwa chidacho ndi mphamvu zenizeni za maginito. Kuyesedwa kokhazikika kumatsimikizira kuti miyeso yotengedwa ndi maginito osiyanasiyana ndi yofanana komanso yofanana.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Magnetometry

Kutha kuyeza mphamvu ya maginito molondola kumagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana m'magawo osiyanasiyana:

Fiziki ya dzikoMagnetometer amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzira mphamvu ya maginito ya Dziko Lapansi, yomwe imapereka chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka mkati mwa dziko lapansi.

Kuyenda: Ma Compass, mtundu wa magnetometer, akhala zida zofunika kwambiri zoyendera kuyambira nthawi zakale, kuthandiza oyendetsa sitima ndi ofufuza kupeza njira yodutsa nyanja zazikulu.

Sayansi ya ZipangizoMagnetometry imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozerazipangizo zamaginitondikuphunzira za makhalidwe awo, ofunikira pakupanga ukadaulo monga zida zosungira maginito ndi makina ojambulira zithunzi za maginito (MRI).

Kufufuza ZamlengalengaMagnetometers amaikidwa pa chombo chamlengalenga kuti aphunzire mphamvu zamaginito za zinthu zakuthambo, zomwe zimawapatsa chidziwitso cha kapangidwe kake ndi mbiri ya geology.

Mapeto

Kuyeza mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito n'kofunika kwambiri kuti timvetsetse momwe maginito amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Kudzera mu mayunitsi monga Gauss ndi Tesla ndi zida monga maginitometer, asayansi amatha kuyeza molondola mphamvu ya mphamvu ya maginito, ndikutsegula njira yopitira patsogolo muukadaulo, kufufuza, ndi kafukufuku wasayansi. Pamene kumvetsetsa kwathu za mphamvu ya maginito kukupitirira kukula, momwemonso luso lathu logwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yake kuti lipindulitse anthu.