Tsopano popeza mukudziwa chifukwa chake maginito a mphete ndi ofunika m'ma speaker, tiyeni tiwone momwe amagwirira ntchito mkati mwa injini. Izi zipangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuwona chifukwa chake kulondola ndi kusasinthasintha kumapangitsa kusiyana konse kwa mtundu wa mawu.

Momwe Magnetti a Mphete Amagwirira Ntchito Mkati mwa Oyankhula ndi Machitidwe a Audio

Ngati munayamba mwadulapo cholankhulira mawu, mwina mwaonapo maginito ofanana ndi donati kumbuyo. Ndi maginito ozungulira. Ndipo ngakhale kuti samawoneka ngati ochuluka okha, kwenikweni amachita zinthu zolemera—kwenikweni—nthawi iliyonse phokoso likatuluka m’galimotoyo.

Maginito a mphete ndi mtima wa kapangidwe ka injini m'ma speaker ambiri osinthasintha. Ntchito yawo ndi kupanga mphamvu ya maginito yokhazikika komanso yolunjika yomwe coil ya mawu imatha kukankhira. Popanda zimenezo, simungakhale chete—kapena choipa kwambiri, kusokoneza kwambiri ndi mphamvu yotayika.

Kuchokera pa zomwe taona zikugwira ntchito ndi ma OEM a audio, kukonza maginito sikutanthauza kungosankha chizindikiro chapamwamba pa pepala la spec. Ndiko kufananiza khalidwe la maginito ndi momwe sipika idzagwiritsidwire ntchito. Ndipo pamenepo ndi pomwe mapulojekiti ambiri amayendera m'mbali.

 

Kutenga Mwachangu
- Maginito a mphete amapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imasuntha mawu
- Mawonekedwe ndi kulondola zimakhudza mwachindunji mtundu wa mawu
- Giredi, kukula, ndi maginito ziyenera kugwirizana ndi ntchito
- Maoda ambiri amafunika kuwongolera bwino khalidwe—palibe zosiyana

 

Kodi Magnetti a Mphete Amachita Chiyani Mu Wokamba Nkhani?

Tiyeni tikambirane. Wokamba nkhani wosinthasintha ali ndi magawo atatu akuluakulu: cone (kapena diaphragm), voice coil, ndi motor assembly. Motor assembly ndi komwe maginito a mphete amakhala.

Kupanga Munda Wamaginito Womwe Umakhalabe

Ikayikidwa pakati pa mbale ya pamwamba ndi mbale yakumbuyo, maginito a mphete amapanga mpata wawung'ono, wodziwika bwino womwe umasunga cholumikizira mawu. Malo awa ndi pomwe mphamvu yamagetsi imayendetsa kayendedwe ka sipika. Maginito ayenera kupereka mphamvu yamagetsi yodalirika, yofanana kudutsa mpatawo, popanda kusakhazikika kapena magwiridwe antchito osagwirizana.

Kusuntha Chophimba cha Mawu, Kusuntha Mpweya

Choyimbira mawu chikalandira chizindikiro chamagetsi cha mawu, chimapanga mphamvu ya maginito yosinthasintha ndipo chimagwira ntchito ngati maginito owongolera. Choyimbira ichi chimayankha motsutsana ndi mphamvu ya maginito yokhazikika kuchokera ku maginito a mphete, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti choyimbira mawu ndi kondomu yolumikizidwayo zisunthe. Mafunde okwera kwambiri amapanga mawu omveka bwino, pomwe mtunda wautali woyenda umalimbitsa yankho la bass lotsika.

Mphamvu ya maginito ikayera bwino komanso yokhazikika, mawu ozungulira amatsatira bwino chizindikirocho. Ichi ndichifukwa chake maginito ozungulira amakondedwa kuposa mawonekedwe ena kuyambira pa ma studio owunikira mpaka makina amawu agalimoto. Ma geometry awo mwachibadwa amathandizira gawo lofanana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mainjiniya samangoganizira kwambiri za crossover.

 

Chifukwa Chake Magnetti a Ring Akupitiliza Kuonekera mu Audio Gear

Amanyamula Minda Yawo

Taphunzira phunziro lovuta koma lofunika kwambiri kwa zaka zambiri: maginito omwe amawoneka okongola papepala amatha kulephera mosavuta m'mikhalidwe yeniyeni. Pambuyo pa maola ambiri ogwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza mkati mwa kabati yotenthetsera komanso yogwedezeka, magwiridwe antchito amatha kuchepa kwambiri.Maginito a mphete ya NeodymiumNdi kukana kutentha kwambiri, mphamvu yawo ya maginito imakhazikika, ngakhale pamene mawu akuyamba kutenthedwa. Kukhazikika kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri kuposa momwe mainjiniya ambiri amaganizira. Ngati maginito ataya mphamvu panthawi yogwiritsa ntchito, mphamvu ya sipika imachepa mwachangu, ndipo mayankho onse a pafupipafupi amakhala osafanana.

Amakulolani kuti mupange ma speaker ang'onoang'ono komanso okweza kwambiri

Maginito a mphete ya Neodymium ndi amphamvu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kukula kwawo. Ndicho chifukwa chake mumawaona mu ma speaker ang'onoang'ono a Bluetooth, mahedifoni apamwamba, ndi ma soundbar opyapyala. Mumapeza mphamvu ya maginito ya maginito akuluakulu a ferrite pang'ono chabe. Pa zida zonyamulika, zimenezo zimasintha kwambiri.

Koma pali kusiyana. Maginito amphamvu ngati N52 ndi ofooka kwambiri komanso osavuta kutenthedwa. Nthawi zina maginito a mphete a N42 okulirapo pang'ono amakhala chisankho chanzeru—amatha kuthana ndi kutentha bwino, ndipo sadzasweka ngati wina atagwetsa sipika panthawi yokonza.

 

Kupeza Ma Specs Oyenera pa Mapulogalamu a Audio

Apa ndi pomwe maoda apadera amakhala kapena amafa. Ngati mukufuna maginito a mphete kuti mupeze sipika yatsopano, pali zinthu zitatu zomwe muyenera kuzitseka musanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo choyamba.

Kalasi ya Magnet Si Mphamvu Yokha

Aliyense amafuna nambala yapamwamba kwambiri ya N. Koma popanga mawu enieni, taona N52 ikuyambitsa mavuto ambiri kuposa momwe imathetsera. Ndi yofooka. Siikonda kutentha. Ndipo ngati sipika yanu ikulowa pakhomo la galimoto kapena kabati ya PA yomwe ili padzuwa, mukufunsa mavuto.

Ma gredi otentha kwambiri monga N42SH kapena N40UH amadula mtengo, koma amapirira kutentha kukayamba. Tinasintha kasitomala m'modzi kupita ku N42SH pambuyo poti ma speaker ambiri a N52 abwerera ndi mphamvu yochepa pambuyo pa zochitika zakunja m'chilimwe. Kusintha kwa ma gredi kunakonza vutoli.

Miyeso Iyenera Kukhala Yolimba—Yolimba Kwambiri

Mpata womwe mawu olankhulira amakhala umayesedwa m'magawo a milimita imodzi. Ngati m'mimba mwake wa maginito anu ozungulira umasiyana ndi 0.1 mm pa nthawi yopangira, mudzakhala ndi kusasinthasintha kwa mphamvu kuchokera pa sipika kupita pa sipika. Imeneyo ndi vuto pamene mukuyesera kugulitsa ma pairs ofanana kapena kupanga ma arrays.

Timafufuza zitsanzo pogwiritsa ntchito ma caliper. Pa maoda ambiri, timasankha macheke amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo timakana chilichonse chomwe sichikugwirizana ndi zomwe tagwirizana. Ngati wogulitsa akuwona ngati chinthu chosankha, pitirizani kuyang'ana.

Malangizo a Magnetization Sangakambiranedwe

Kwa ma speaker, maginito a mphete ayenera kukhala ndi maginito a axial—kupyola mu makulidwe, osati kudutsa m'mimba mwake. Ngati maginito sali ofanana, mphamvu ya maginito sidzakhala pakati pa mpata. Chophimba cha mawu chidzakanda, kupotoka kudzakwera, ndipo kugwira ntchito bwino kudzatsika. Opanga abwino amayesa kufanana kwa maginito asanatumize.

 

Zoganizira Zopangira Zopangira Ma Audio

Mukayitanitsa maginito ambirimbiri a mphete kuti mupange sipika, simukungogula zida zokha, koma mukugula kusinthasintha.

Kumanga-Kuti-Kusindikize Ndiwo Maziko

Timagwira ntchito kuchokera ku zojambula zaukadaulo zomwe zimatchula:
- M'mimba mwake wakunja, m'mimba mwake wamkati, ndi makulidwe okhala ndi zolekerera
- Mtundu wa chophimba ndi makulidwe (NiCuNi ya mapulogalamu ambiri amawu, epoxy ya malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri)
- Kuwongolera kwa maginito ndi mphamvu zochepa zamunda
- Zofunikira pa kuyesa kukoka kwa zitsanzo za malo

Ngati wopanga akufunsani chifukwa chake mukufuna kutchula makulidwe a chophimba, sanachite zambiri zomvera. Tawona kuwonongeka kwa nickel plating pa zida zolumikizira, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kudandaula za dzimbiri patatha miyezi ingapo. Dziwani, yesani, tsimikizirani.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kusankha zinthu ndi njira zopangira, onani tsamba lathu pakupanga maginito a neodymium mwamakonda.Ndipo ngati mukuyesa mapangidwe a mphete poyerekeza ndi ma disc a driver inayake, mwachidule chathumaginito a disc mumakina amawuchimakwirira komwe kasinthidwe kalikonse kamakhala komveka.

Maphunziro a Dziko Lenileni Kuchokera ku Sitolo

Chimodzi chomwe chimandigwira mtima: tinali ndi kasitomala yemwe ankapanga mzere wa ma speaker a PA amphamvu. Zonse zinayesedwa bwino mu labu. Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, mayunitsi anayamba kubwerera ndi mphamvu yochepa ya bass. Maginito anali atachotsedwa mphamvu pang'ono.

Zinapezeka kuti kutentha kwa mkati mwa nyumba panthawi yochita masewera akunja kunali kufika pa 90°C pa maginito. Standard N42 sinapatsidwe mlingo wa zimenezo. Tinasinthana ndi kutentha kwambiri, tinawonjezera mpweya wabwino pa kapangidwe kake, ndipo gulu lotsatira linagwira ntchito kwa zaka ziwiri popanda kubwereranso ndi maginito.

Mfundo yofunika pa nkhaniyi: kuyesa m'malo enieni, osati labu yokha. Ndalama mazana angapo zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito poyesa zitsanzo zenizeni zitha kukupulumutsani ku mutu wa manambala asanu pambuyo pake.

Chinanso: kuphatikiza chogwirira. Sichikugwirizana mwachindunji ndi maginito a mphete, koma ngati chinthu chanu chamawu chili ndi zowonjezera zilizonse zamaginito—ma grille ochotsedwa, zida zoyikira—njira yolumikizira ndiyofunika. Tawona zomatira zikulephera kutentha, ming'alu yophwanyika mufiriji, ndi zomangira zikutuluka pansi pa kugwedezeka. Pazida zogulitsira kapena zida zonyamulika za PA, zogwirira za rabara overmold zokhala ndi zomangira zamakaniki nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhalitsa kuposa china chilichonse.

 

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito maginito ofanana a mphete pa ma woofers ndi ma tweeter?
Kawirikawiri ayi. Ma Woofers amafunika ma mota amphamvu okhala ndi mipata yayikulu yamaginito kuti azitha kuyenda nthawi yayitali. Ma Tweeters amagwiritsa ntchito maginito ang'onoang'ono komanso olunjika kwambiri. Miyeso ndi mtundu wa maginito nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana.

Kodi maginito a mphete opangidwa mwamakonda amafunikira otani?
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito zida zanu zonse, ogulitsa ambiri odziwika bwino amayamba ndi zidutswa 2,000 mpaka 5,000. Ngati mukusintha chogwirira cha stock kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zilipo kale, nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito zida zazing'ono kungagwire ntchito.

Kodi maginito a mphete amakhudza kutayika kwa kutentha?
Siziziritsa chilichonse mwachangu, koma kusonkhana kwa maginito ndi gawo la njira yotenthetsera. Mu ma speaker amphamvu kwambiri, maginito amatha kugwira ntchito ngati heatsink. Kusankha chophimba ndi njira yoyikira zonse ziwiri zimathandiza.

Kodi pali vuto lililonse la chitetezo ndi maginito amphamvu a mphete pa mzere wopanga?
Inde. Asungeni kutali ndi malo osungira maginito, makina oyezera kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi zida zilizonse zoyesera zovuta. Tawaona akupukuta makiyi a kiyi kuchokera patali mamita angapo. Asungeni ndi osunga kapena m'malo okhazikika, otalikirana kuti apewe kuvulala panthawi yokonza.