Injini mu Makina: Momwe Magnetti Ang'onoang'ono Amathandizira Moyo Wamakono

Ngakhale kuti mawu akuti "maginito okhazikika a dziko lapansi" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, maginito a neodymium, omwe ndi maginito okhazikika a neodymium iron boron (NdFeB), ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Chimake cha ukadaulo wake chili mu mphamvu yake yayikulu kwambiri ya maginito, yomwe imamulola kupereka mphamvu yamphamvu ya maginito pang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chomwe chimakonda kwambiri pa ntchito zamakono zapamwamba.

Kwa iwo amene akufuna kukhala akatswiri—omwe amachita zinthu zolemetsa kwambiri m'dziko lathu. Mphamvu zawo zazikulu ndi kuphatikiza kosavuta koma kosintha: amaphatikiza mphamvu yamphamvu ya maginito kukhala mawonekedwe osavuta modabwitsa. Ndi luso lanzeru lomwe mainjiniya agwiritsa ntchito pazinthu zonse kuyambira kumanga mafamu akuluakulu amphepo mpaka kuyika mawu abwino kwambiri m'makutu mwanu. Mphamvu zawo m'mafakitale ndi yodziwika; ndi kulowa kwawo mwakachetechete m'miyoyo yathu ya tsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumafotokoza nkhani yosangalatsa kwambiri.

Zodabwitsa Zachipatala

Mu zipatala ndi ma lab, izimaginitondi njira zopezera matenda ofatsa. Mwachitsanzo, makina a MRI otseguka mbali zambiri amalowa m'malo mwa ngalande yoopsa ndi maginito a neodymium opangidwa molondola, kupanga mphamvu ya maginito yofunikira m'njira yochepetsera nkhawa za odwala omwe ali ndi nkhawa. Ndipo luso silimathera pakuwona thupi—ofufuza tsopano akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito yolamulidwayi monga malangizo a microscopic. Cholinga chake ndi chiyani? Kutsogolera tinthu ta mankhwala molunjika ku zotupa kapena kulimbikitsa kusinthika kwa mafupa, kukonza njira ya chithandizo chomwe chimagwira ntchito molondola ngati mfuti yowombera m'malo mobalalika ngati mfuti.

Kugwira Ntchito kwa Roboti

Pa fakitale, kudalirika sikungakambiranedwe. Loboti yomwe imagwetsa gawo kapena mphero ya CNC yomwe imagwetsa chida imatha kuwononga ndalama zambiri. Apa ndi pomwe maginito awa amalowerera. Amapereka mphamvu yogwira ntchito mwachangu komanso mosagwedezeka mu ma chucks ndi zida zodziyimira pawokha. Ndipo mkati mwa ma servo motors omwe amayika zigawozo molondola kwambiri? Mwaganiza bwino - ma neodymium arrays ambiri. Mphamvu yawo yokhazikika komanso yosagwedezeka ndiyo imapangitsa kubwerezabwereza kopanda cholakwika kwa kupanga kwamakono.

Chida Chobisika cha Ukadaulo Chochepa

Kodi mudayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti zipangizo zamagetsi zikupitirirabe kuonda komanso kukhala zamphamvu kwambiri? Tamandani maginito a microscopic neodymium. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti timasintha zosatheka kukhala za tsiku ndi tsiku. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sipikala yomwe ili m'makutu anu opanda zingwe imapereka bass yolimba, momwe foni yanu imasinthira chenjezo la digito kukhala kugwedezeka kooneka, komanso zomwe zimapangitsa wotchi yanzeru kumva ngati bandeji yake yalumikizidwa bwino.Maginito Ang'onoang'ono a Neodymium—— Ndiwo omwe amapangitsa kuti mawu aukadaulo "ang'onoang'ono komanso abwino" amveke bwino.

Kuchokera ku Magalimoto Oyendetsa Galimoto Kupita ku Sedan ya Banja Lanu

Kusintha kwa magalimoto amagetsi kwenikweni ndi kusintha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha maginito. Injini yomwe imayendetsa bwino EV kuchoka pa liwiro la 60 mph imadalira maginito amphamvu a neodymium, omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri powonjezera mtunda uliwonse pa chaji. Koma maginito awa sagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto amtsogolo okha—amaphatikizidwa m'galimoto yomwe muli nayo lero. Amagwira ntchito ngati zoteteza chete mu mabuleki anu oletsa kutseka, kuyang'anira liwiro la mawilo kuti asagwedezeke moopsa. Ndiwonso phokoso lachete la mpando wanu wamagetsi komanso kudina kodalirika kwa latch yopangidwa bwino ya chitseko.

Mphepo, Ma Watts, ndi Kugwira Ntchito Mwachangu

Kupanga magetsi oyera kuli ndi mphamvu yamphamvu kwambiri pa maginito a neodymium. Ma turbine amphepo oyendetsedwa mwachindunji a m'badwo waposachedwa amasiya ma gearbox ovuta, okhala ndi majenereta osavuta, olimba omwe amakhazikika pa mphete zazikulu za maginito a neodymium. Kapangidwe kanzeru aka kamachepetsa kuwonongeka ndipo kamathandizira kuti magetsi azigwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse ndi mphepo iliyonse. Ndi mphamvu ya maginito yomweyi yomwe imapatsa ma EV mphamvu zawo zodabwitsa—kutsimikizira kuti uinjiniya wanzeru nthawi zambiri umathetsa mavuto ambiri nthawi imodzi.

Kuthetsa Ntchito Zovuta Zamakampani

Mu dziko lodzaza ndi zinthu zopangira zinthu ndi zinthu zolemera, maginito awa ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito—makamaka akasinthidwa ndi zogwirira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito zenizeni. Tangoganizirani ma plate akuluakulu a maginito omwe amasankha pakati pa tirigu kapena ma pulasitiki, ndikusankha zidutswa zachitsulo zomwe zingawononge zinthu kapena kuvulaza makina. Kenako pali zonyamula maginito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabwalo achitsulo, kukweza ma plate a matani ambiri ndi chogwirira cholimba chomwe sichimagwedezeka—ngakhale pakati pa kulephera kwa magetsi. Mosiyana ndi maginito amagetsi, zonyamula izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya maginito ya neodymium, ndipo chitetezo chimakulitsidwa kudzera mu zisankho zokonzedwa mwadala: kusankha magiredi olimba a N42 kuposa mtundu wa N52 wofooka, kuphatikiza zogwirira za rabara/TPE zosagwedezeka (zoyesedwa mutavala magolovesi ogwira ntchito kuti zitsimikizire chitonthozo), ndikuyika zokutira za epoxy kuti zithane ndi dzimbiri m'mikhalidwe yovuta yogwirira ntchito. Kulekerera kolimba kumatsimikizira kuti zogwirirazo zimagwirizana bwino, kuletsa ziwalo zomasuka kapena zosakhazikika zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa malo antchito.

Ngakhale kugula zinthu ndi kokongola kwambiri

Nthawi ina mukadzakhala m'sitolo yogulitsa zinthu zamakono, yang'anani mosamala. Kodi bolodi lokongola komanso losinthika la menyu kapena chipangizo chosungiramo zinthu zoduladula? Mwina chimagwiridwa pamodzi ndi maginito ang'onoang'ono komanso amphamvu a neodymium. Yankho losavuta ili limapatsa ogulitsa mwayi wosintha malo mumphindi zochepa, kutsimikizira kuti zinthu zamtengo wapatalizi zilinso ndi luso logulitsa zinthu.

Kodi pali chiyani pa Horizon?

Tsogolo la maginito awa silikungowonjezera mphamvu—likungopanga kulimba kwambiri ndikupititsa patsogolo kukhazikika. Asayansi azinthu akuyang'ana kwambiri pakuwonjezera kutentha kwawo ndi kukana dzimbiri, kuwasintha kuti azigwira ntchito moyenera m'malo ovuta ogwirira ntchito. Chofunika kwambiri, makampaniwa akuwonjezera njira zobwezeretsanso zinthu, kutsogolera zinthu zofunika izi kuti zikhale zozungulira kwambiri. Pa ntchito zapadera monga maginito ogwiritsidwa ntchito, kupita patsogolo kudzakhazikika pakusintha njira zolumikizira maginito ndi chogwirira—kupewa kuyika mphika womwe umasweka kutentha kozizira kapena zomatira zomwe zimalephera kutentha—ndikukulitsa mwayi wosintha maoda ambiri, kuyambira mitundu yodziwika bwino mpaka mawonekedwe opangidwira zida zinazake. Chowonadi chimodzi sichikugwedezeka: pamene zofuna zathu zaukadaulo zikusintha—zomwe zimafuna kuti pakhale magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, magwiridwe antchito anzeru, komanso mapangidwe ang'onoang'ono—maginito osadzikuza koma amphamvu awa adzagwira ntchito yake ngati choyendetsa chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe nthawi zambiri sichimawonedwa, cha kupita patsogolo.

Kodi mukufuna kuti ndipange mndandanda wa maoda ambiri a maginito a neodymium? Idzasonkhanitsa zofunikira zofunika komanso mfundo zachitetezo kuchokera mu chikalatacho, ndikupanga chida chothandiza kwa ogula mafakitale panthawi yogula.