Maginito a Neodymium, omwe amadziwikanso kuti NdFeB kapena maginito a rare-earth, akhala maziko a ukadaulo wamakono. Ulendo wawo kuyambira pakupanga zinthu zatsopano mpaka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi umboni wa luntha la anthu komanso kufunafuna mosalekeza zinthu zogwira mtima komanso zamphamvu.

Kupangidwa kwa Maginito a Neodymium

Maginito a Neodymium adapangidwa koyamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980 chifukwa cha khama lopanga maginito olimba okhazikika. Kupangidwa kumeneku kunali mgwirizano pakati pa General Motors ndi Sumitomo Special Metals. Ofufuza anali kufunafuna maginito omwe angalowe m'malo mwa maginito a samarium-cobalt, omwe anali amphamvu koma okwera mtengo komanso ovuta kupanga.

Kupambana kumeneku kunabwera ndi kupeza kuti aloyi ya neodymium, iron, ndi boron (NdFeB) ingathe kupanga maginito amphamvu kwambiri pamtengo wotsika kwambiri. Maginito atsopanowa sanali amphamvu kwambiri kuposa akale ake okha komanso anali ambiri chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa neodymium poyerekeza ndi samarium. Maginito oyamba a neodymium amalonda adapangidwa mu 1984, zomwe zinayambitsa nthawi yatsopano ya maginito.

Chitukuko ndi Kupititsa patsogolo

Kwa zaka zambiri, kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika pakupanga ndi kukonza maginito a neodymium. Mabaibulo akale anali osavuta kuwononga ndipo anali ndi kutentha kochepa kwambiri kogwira ntchito. Pofuna kuthana ndi mavutowa, opanga adapanga zokutira zosiyanasiyana, monga nickel, zinc, ndi epoxy, kuti ateteze maginito ku kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo kwa njira zopangira kwalola kuti maginito apange maginito okhala ndi kulekerera kolondola komanso kukhazikika kwa maginito.

Kupanga maginito a neodymium olumikizidwa, omwe amaphatikizapo kuyika tinthu ta NdFeB mu polymer matrix, kwakulitsa kwambiri ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Maginito olumikizidwa awa ndi ofooka kwambiri ndipo amatha kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe ovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mainjiniya azitha kusinthasintha kwambiri pakupanga.

Mapulogalamu Amakono

Masiku ano, maginito a neodymium amapezeka paliponse m'njira zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapamwamba komanso kusinthasintha kwawo. Zina mwa ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:

Zamagetsi:Maginito a Neodymium ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pazida zamakono zamagetsi, kuphatikizapo mafoni a m'manja, makompyuta, ndi mahedifoni. Kukula kwawo kochepa komanso mphamvu ya maginito yambiri zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pazida zazing'ono komanso zogwira ntchito bwino.

Magalimoto Amagetsi:Kugwira ntchito bwino ndi mphamvu ya ma mota amagetsi pa chilichonse kuyambira pa zipangizo zapakhomo mpaka magalimoto amagetsi kumadalira kwambiri maginito a neodymium. Kutha kwawo kupanga mphamvu zamaginito amphamvu m'malo ang'onoang'ono kwasintha kapangidwe ka magalimoto, zomwe zapangitsa kuti ma mota ang'onoang'ono komanso ogwira ntchito bwino azitha kugwira ntchito bwino.

Zipangizo Zachipatala:Mu zamankhwala, maginito a neodymium amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina a MRI, makina oyezera mtima, ndi zida zochiritsira zamaginito. Mphamvu zawo zamaginito zolimba ndizofunikira kwambiri pakuchita molondola komanso kudalirika komwe kumafunikira muukadaulo wazachipatala.

Mphamvu Zongowonjezedwanso:Maginito a Neodymium amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga mphamvu zoyera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma turbine amphepo ndi ukadaulo wina wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, komwe kugwira ntchito bwino ndi mphamvu zawo zimathandiza popanga mphamvu zokhazikika.

Ntchito Zamakampani:Kupatula zida zamagetsi ndi zamankhwala, maginito a neodymium amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo maginito olekanitsa, makina onyamulira, ndi masensa. Kutha kwawo kusunga mphamvu zamaginito pansi pa mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri kumawapangitsa kukhala ofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri.

Tsogolo la Maginito a Neodymium

Pamene kufunikira kwa zipangizo zazing'ono komanso zogwira ntchito bwino kukupitirira kukula, kufunikiranso kwa maginito amphamvu monga omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku neodymium kudzawonjezeka. Ofufuza pakadali pano akufufuza njira zochepetsera kudalira zinthu zosoŵa zapadziko lapansi mwa kupanga ma alloys atsopano ndi njira zopangira. Kuphatikiza apo, kubwezeretsanso ndi kupeza neodymium mosalekeza kukukhala kofunika kwambiri pamene kufunikira kwa dziko lonse kukukwera.

Kusintha kwa maginito a neodymium sikunathe. Ndi kafukufuku ndi chitukuko chomwe chikupitilira, maginito awa akukonzekera kutenga gawo lofunika kwambiri paukadaulo wamtsogolo, kuyendetsa luso m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana komanso kuthandizira kupita patsogolo pazinthu zonse kuyambira zamagetsi mpaka mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso.