Kodi Zida Zosiyanasiyana za Magnetic Ndi Ziti?

Mphamvu ya maginito, yomwe ndi mphamvu yaikulu ya chilengedwe, imawonekera m'zinthu zosiyanasiyana, chilichonse chili ndi makhalidwe ake apadera komansomapulogalamu a magentKumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zamaginito ndikofunikira kwambiri m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo sayansi ya sayansi, uinjiniya, ndi ukadaulo. Tiyeni tifufuze dziko losangalatsa la zinthu zamaginito ndikuwona mawonekedwe ake, magulu ake, ndi momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito.

1. Zipangizo za Ferromagnetic:

Zipangizo za Ferromagnetic zimasonyeza mphamvu ndimaginito okhazikika, ngakhale kulibe mphamvu ya maginito yakunja. Chitsulo, nikeli, ndi cobalt ndi zitsanzo zakale za zinthu za ferromagnetic. Zipangizozi zimakhala ndi nthawi ya maginito yodzidzimutsa yomwe imagwirizana mbali imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu ya maginito kukhala yamphamvu. Zipangizo za ferromagnetic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu monga zida zosungira maginito, ma mota amagetsi, ndi ma transformer chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo za maginito.

2. Zipangizo za Paramagnetic:

Zipangizo za paramagnetic zimakopeka pang'ono ndi mphamvu ya maginito ndipo zimawonetsa mphamvu ya maginito kwakanthawi zikapezeka m'minda yotereyi. Mosiyana ndi zinthu za ferromagnetic, zinthu za paramagnetic sizisunga mphamvu ya maginito ikachotsedwa. Zinthu monga aluminiyamu, platinamu, ndi mpweya ndi paramagnetic chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa ma elekitironi osalumikizidwa, omwe amagwirizana ndi mphamvu ya maginito yakunja koma amabwerera ku mawonekedwe osasinthika munda ukachotsedwa. Zipangizo za paramagnetic zimapeza ntchito mu makina a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), komwe kuyankha kwawo kofooka ku mphamvu ya maginito kumakhala kopindulitsa.

3. Zipangizo za Diamagnetic:

Zipangizo za diamagnetic, mosiyana ndi zinthu za ferromagnetic ndi paramagnetic, zimakanidwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito. Zikayikidwa pa mphamvu ya maginito, zinthu za diamagnetic zimakhala ndi mphamvu ya maginito yofooka yotsutsana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikankhidwe kutali ndi komwe kumachokera. Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino za zinthu za diamagnetic ndi monga mkuwa, bismuth, ndi madzi. Ngakhale kuti mphamvu ya diamagnetic ndi yofooka poyerekeza ndi ferromagnetism ndi paramagnetism, ili ndi zotsatira zofunika m'magawo monga sayansi ya zinthu ndi ukadaulo wa levitation.

4. Zipangizo za Ferrimagnetic:

Zipangizo za Ferrimagnetic zimasonyeza khalidwe la maginito lofanana ndi zipangizo za ferromagnetic koma zili ndi makhalidwe osiyana a maginito. Mu zipangizo za ferrimagnetic, ma sublattice awiri a maginito amagwirizana mbali zosiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale maginito a net. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti maginito azikhala okhazikika, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amakhala ofooka kuposa a zipangizo za ferromagnetic. Ferrites, gulu la zipangizo za ceramic zomwe zili ndi iron oxide compounds, ndi zitsanzo zodziwika bwino za zipangizo za ferrimagnetic. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zamagetsi, mauthenga apakompyuta, ndi zipangizo za microwave chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi.

5. Zipangizo Zoletsa Magetsi:

Zinthu zotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic zimasonyeza dongosolo la maginito momwe nthawi zamaginito zoyandikana zimagwirizanirana zotsutsana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yonse yamaginito ilephereke. Zotsatira zake, zinthu zotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic nthawi zambiri siziwonetsa maginito akuluakulu. Manganese oxide ndi chromium ndi zitsanzo za zinthu zotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic. Ngakhale sizingapeze ntchito mwachindunji muukadaulo wamaginito, zinthu zotsutsana ndi ferromagnetic zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakufufuza koyambira komanso kupanga spintronics, nthambi ya zamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuzungulira kwa ma elekitironi.