Ndezvipi Zvimwe Zvinhu Zvinoshandisa Magnetic?

Magnetism, simba guru rechisikigo, rinoonekwa muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, chimwe nechimwe chine hunhu hwacho hwakasiyana uyemagent applicationsKunzwisisa mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvinoshandisa magineti kwakakosha muminda yakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira fizikisi, mainjiniya, uye tekinoroji. Ngationgororei nyika inonakidza yezvinhu zvinoshandisa magineti toongorora hunhu hwazvo, kupatsanurwa kwazvo, uye mashandisirwo azvo.

1. Zvinhu zveFerromagnetic:

Zvinhu zveFerromagnetic zvinoratidza simba uyemagnetization inogara iripo, kunyangwe pasina simba remagineti rekunze. Iron, nickel, uye cobalt mienzaniso yekare yezvinhu zve ferromagnetic. Zvinhu izvi zvine nguva dzemagineti dzinongoerekana dzaita dzinoenderana nenzira imwe chete, zvichigadzira simba remagineti rakasimba. Zvinhu zve ferromagnetic zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvishandiso zvakaita semidziyo yekuchengetera magineti, mota dzemagetsi, uye ma transformer nekuda kwesimba radzo remagineti.

2. Zvinhu zveParamagnetic:

Zvinhu zveparamagnetic zvinokwezvwa zvishoma neminda yemagineti uye zvinoratidza magnetization yenguva pfupi kana zvasangana neminda yakadaro. Kusiyana nezvinhu zveferromagnetic, zvinhu zveparamagnetic hazvichengete magnetization kana munda wekunze wabviswa. Zvinhu zvakaita sealuminium, platinum, uye oxygen zvine paramagnetic nekuda kwekuvapo kwemaerekitironi asina kupatsanurwa, ayo anowirirana nemunda wemagineti wekunze asi anodzokera kune mamwe marongero kana munda wabviswa. Zvinhu zveparamagnetic zvinowana mashandisirwo mumashini emagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), uko kupindura kwavo kusina simba kuminda yemagineti kunobatsira.

3. Zvinhu zveDiamagnetic:

Zvinhu zveDiamagnetic, kusiyana nezvinhu zveFerromagnetic neParamagnetic, zvinodzorwa neminda yemagineti. Kana zvikaiswa mumunda wemagineti, zvinhu zveDiamagnetic zvinogadzira simba remagineti risina simba, zvichiita kuti zvisundirwe kure nekwakabva munda. Mienzaniso yakajairika yezvinhu zveDiamagnetic inosanganisira mhangura, bismuth, nemvura. Kunyange zvazvo mhedzisiro yeDiamagnetic isina kusimba kana ichienzaniswa neFerromagnetism neParamagnetism, ine zvazvinoreva muminda yakaita seSainzi yezvinhu uye Tekinoroji yeLevitation.

4. Zvinhu zveFerrimagnetic:

Zvinhu zveFerrimagnetic zvinoratidza maitiro emagineti akafanana nezvinhu zveferromagnetic asi zvine hunhu hwakasiyana hwemagineti. Muzvinhu zveFerrimagnetic, ma sublattice maviri e moments emagineti anopindirana munzira dzakasiyana, zvichikonzera net magnetic moment. Kurongeka uku kunoita kuti pave ne magnetization inogara iripo, kunyangwe kazhinji isina simba pane yezvinhu zveferromagnetic. Ferrites, boka rezvinhu zveceramic zvine iron oxide compounds, mienzaniso inozivikanwa yezvinhu zveferrimagnetic. Zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumagetsi, telecommunications, uye microwave nekuda kwehunhu hwazvo hwemagineti nemagetsi.

5. Zvinhu Zvinodzivirira Kusvibiswa Kwemhepo:

Zvinhu zvinorwisa ferromagnetic zvinoratidza kurongeka kwemagineti uko nguva dzemagineti dziri pedyo dzinoenderana dzinopesana, zvichikonzera kukanzurwa kwesimba remagineti rose. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinhu zvinorwisa ferromagnetic hazviwanzo kuratidza magineti macroscopic. Manganese oxide nechromium mienzaniso yezvinhu zvinorwisa ferromagnetic. Kunyange zvazvo zvingasawana mashandisirwo akananga muhunyanzvi hwemagineti, zvinhu zvinorwisa ferromagnetic zvinoita basa rakakosha mukutsvagisa kwakakosha uye kugadzirwa kwespintronics, bazi remagetsi rinoshandisa kutenderera kwemaerekitironi.