Ingabe omaginethi abakhulu be-neodymium baphephile ukuwasebenzisa?

Izimiso Nezinqubo Zokuphepha

Ezimbonini eziningi, ukufika kweomaginethi amakhulu e-neodymiumkube yinto eshintsha kakhulu. Ikhono labo lokuvikela, ukuphakamisa, nokuphatha izingxenye zensimbi ezinkulu ngesinyathelo esincane alinakuqhathaniswa. Kodwa njengoba noma yimuphi umphathi wesitolo onolwazi angakutshela, ukuthi amandla aluhlaza adinga uhlobo oluthile lwenhlonipho. Umbuzo awukhona ukuthi la ma-magnet aphephile yini; umayelana nalokho okudingeka ukwazi ukuze uwenze aphephe ezandleni zakho. Sisebenzisa ukubandakanyeka okuqondile ekuchazeni nasekuhloleni lezi zingxenye kumakhasimende ezimboni, ake sihambe ngamaqiniso angokoqobo okuzisebenzisa ngaphandle kwengozi.

Ukwazi Umthombo Wamandla

Enhliziyweni yazo, la mamagnethi amelela intuthuko kwezobunjiniyela bezinto zanamuhla—i-alloy ekhethekile ye-neodymium, insimbi, ne-boron ekhiqiza insimu yamagnetic egxile kakhulu. Yilo “mkhiqizo wamandla” osebenza kahle kakhulu ovumela idiski encane, esindayo ukusekela imithwalo engamakhilogremu angamakhulu amaningana. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuqina kuletha ukuziphatha okuhlukile kumagnethi avamile: ukudonsa kwawo kuyashesha futhi kuyashesha, ububanzi bawo obusebenzayo bungamasentimitha ambalwa kuya ezinyaweni, futhi isimo sawo somzimba singaba buthaka ngokumangazayo. Izinqumo ezenziwa ngesikhathi sokucaciswa—ibanga, ukumbozwa, nanoma yiziphi izinto zokuphatha—ngakho-ke ziyizinketho zokuphepha ezibalulekile, hhayi nje ukulungiswa kokusebenza.

Ukuzulazula Ezingozini Zangempela

1. Ingozi Yokuchotshozwa: Okungaphezu Kokuncenga.

   Ingozi eshesha kakhulu amandla okukhanga. Uma imagnethi enkulu ithola indawo yensimbi noma enye imagnethi, ayixhumani nje kuphela—iyashaya. Lokhu kungabamba noma yini ephakathi nendawo ngokucindezela okuchoboza amathambo. Kunesigameko sendawo yokugcina izinto engisikhumbula kahle: ithimba lisebenzise imagnethi engamasentimitha angu-4 ukuthola ibracket ewile. Imagnethi yaphendukela ku-I-beam, yabamba umphetho webhande lethuluzi lesisebenzi phakathi nokunyakaza, futhi yamdonsela ngamandla esakhiweni—yamshiya enezimbambo eziphukile. Isifundo sasingenakucaca kakhulu: sungula indawo ecacile eqinile ezungeze indlela yemagnethi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushayisana kwamamagnethi amabili anamandla kungabangela ukuba aqhekeke njengobumba, asakaze izingcezu ezibukhali, eziphefumulayo. Le ngozi ikhula ngokushesha ngamamagnethi asezingeni eliphezulu futhi abuthakathaka kakhulu.

2. Ukuyekethisa Kobumnene

Ukungaqondi kahle okuvamile ukulinganisa inombolo "N" ephezulu nemagnethi engcono. Ibanga le-N52 linikeza amandla aphezulu, kodwa lidela ukuqina. Ezindaweni eziguquguqukayo—cabanga ngemigqa yokuhlanganisa noma ukwakhiwa—lapho ukuwa noma ukushayisana kungenzeka khona, lokhu kuphuka kuba yimbangela. Seluleke isitolo sokwenza insimbi esasihlala sishintsha amadiski e-N52 aphukile asetshenziselwa ukubamba insimbi. Ngokushintshela ebangeni le-N45 elikhudlwana kancane, bagcina amandla okugcina anele ngenkathi beqeda ukuphuka okubi kakhulu. Ezinhlelweni eziningi, ukuphepha okuhle kulele ekukhetheni ibanga elilinganisela amandla anele nokuqina okudingekayo.

3. Insimu Engabonakali: Izinkinga Zokuphazamiseka

Insimu enamandla yamagnetic ekhiqizwa yimagnethi enkulu ye-neodymium, nakuba ingabonakali, iveza izingozi ezibonakalayo. Imiphumela yayo isukela ekulahlekelweni kwedatha kwimidiya yokugcina yamagnetic kanye nokususwa kwemagnethi kweziqinisekiso zokufinyelela kuya ekuphazamisekeni kwezinsimbi ezinembile. Indawo ethile ekhathazayo kakhulu ukuthi ingathinta kabi amadivayisi ezokwelapha afakwayo, njenge-cardiac pacemakers kanye namaphampu okufaka i-insulin. Insimu yamagnetic ingashintsha lawa madivayisi abe yimodi ekhethekile noma iphazamise ukusebenza kwawo. Esinye isikhungo esisebenze naso manje sisebenzisa umngcele wetheyiphu ephuzi ekhanyayo ukuze kugcinwe omagnethi okungenani amamitha ayi-10 kusuka kunoma yiliphi ikhabhinethi ye-elekthronikhi futhi sidinga imvume yezokwelapha kubasebenzi abawaphathayo.

4. Lapho Ukushisa Kunciphisa Amandla

Imagnethi ngayinye inophahla olushisayo. Kumagredi ajwayelekile e-neodymium, ukuvezwa okuqhubekayo ngaphezu kuka-80°C (176°F) kuqala ukulahlekelwa unomphela kwamandla kazibuthe. Ezimweni ezifana nama-welding bay, eduze kwezinjini, noma ezindaweni zomsebenzi ezishiswe yilanga, lokhu akuyona nje ukwehla kokusebenza—kuyingozi yokwehluleka. Imagnethi ebuthakathaka ngenxa yokushisa ingakhulula umthwalo wayo ngokungazelelwe. Iklayenti ekukhiqizeni izimoto lathola lokhu lapho omaginethi abasetshenziswa eduze kwehhavini elikhazimulayo beqala ukulahla izingxenye. Isixazululo kwakuwukucacisa omaginethi bebanga elithi "H" noma "SH" abalinganiselwe ku-120°C noma ku-150°C, isinyathelo esibalulekile ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu.

5. Ukugqwala: Ukwehlisa Ubuqotho Bomaginethi

Ubuthakathaka obungokwemvelo bama-magnets e-neodymium okuqukethwe kwawo kwensimbi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kokugqwala lapho kukhona umswakama. Lokhu kugqwala akugcini nje ngokushintsha umbala wobuso; kwenza buthaka i-magnet kusuka ngaphakathi, okwenza ukuqhekeka nokuhluleka okungazelelwe kube yinto engenzeka ngempela. Isivikelo kuphela kulokhu ukugqoka okuyisivikelo. I-nickel plating esetshenziswa kabanzi inephutha elibalulekile: incane kakhulu futhi iphuka kalula ngokuklwebheka, ishiya i-magnet iveziwe. Lokhu kudinga ukukhetha okunesu kakhulu kwezicelo ezidingakalayo ngaphandle, ezindaweni zokugeza, noma eduze kwamakhemikhali. Kulezi zimo, i-epoxy coating esindayo noma i-nickel copper-nickel plating enezingqimba eziningi iyisivikelo esidingekayo. Ubufakazi bangempela buyathandeka: ama-magnets avikelwe yi-epoxy ahlala iminyaka eminingi emanzi, kanti ama-magnets awo avikelwe yi-nickel avame ukwehluleka phakathi nesizini eyodwa.

6. Isici Sesibambo

Kuma-magnet aklanyelwe ukuphakanyiswa ngesandla, isibambo siyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphepha. Izinto ezikhethwe kabi noma indawo yokunamathisela ebuthakathaka idala ingozi eqondile. Ipulasitiki eshibhile iba buthakathaka emazingeni okushisa abandayo. Isibambo esinamathiselwe nge-glue enganele singasuswa ngaphansi komthwalo. Izibambo ezinhle kakhulu esizichazile zisebenzisa irabha noma i-TPE ebumbeke ngokweqile ukuze kubambeke kahle, kungasheleli ngisho nangamagilavu ​​​​anamafutha, futhi ziboshwe ngenhlanganisela yokubopha ngomshini kanye ne-potting compound enamandla aphezulu. Njalo hlola isampula ngamagilavu ​​​​agqokwa yithimba lakho.

Ukwakha Isiko Lokuphatha Ngokuphepha

Ukuphepha ngala mathuluzi kuyinqubo. Nakhu ukuthi lokho kubukeka kanjani phansi:

Cacisa Ucabanga Ngemvelo:Sebenza nomhlinzeki wakho ukuze uvumelanise imagnethi nezimo zayo zokusebenza zangempela. Xoxa ngokuchayeka emswakama, ingozi yokuthinteka, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye namandla okudonsa adingekayo. Ngokuvamile, imagnethi "engcono kakhulu" yileyo efaneleka kakhulu, hhayi enamandla kakhulu.

I-PPE Eyinhloko Yomsebenzi:Amagilavu ​​​​aqinile kanye nezibuko zokuphepha azikwazi ukuxoxwa ngazo uma ziphathwa. Zivikela kokubili ekulimaleni okuncishisiwe kanye nezingcezu ezivela ekuqhekekeni okungajwayelekile.

Sebenzisa Imikhuba Yokuphatha Ehlakaniphile:

Sebenzisa izihlukanisi ezingezona ezikagesi (ukhuni, ipulasitiki) ukuze ugcine omazibuthe behlukene endaweni yokugcina.

Uma ufuna omaginethi abasindayo, sebenzisa i-hoist noma inqola—ungawathwali ngesandla.

Ukuze uhlukanise omaginethi, basheleleze bahlukane; ungalokothi ubasuse.

Sungula Isitoreji Esiphephile:Gcina omazibuthe endaweni eyomile, banamathele epuletini "lomgcini" wensimbi ukuze bagcine indawo yabo. Bagcine kude kakhulu nezinto zikagesi, amakhompyutha egumbi lamathuluzi, nanoma iyiphi indawo lapho kungaba khona amadivayisi ezokwelapha.

Ukunciphisa Ingozi 1:Ukuhlolwa Kwangaphambi Kokusetshenziswa (Susa Amathuluzi Anephutha) Yenza ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kube yisinyathelo sangaphambi kokusebenza esiyimpoqo ukuze kutholakale ukwephulwa kwe-coating noma umonakalo wesakhiwo (ama-chips, imifantu). I-magnet eyonakele iyindawo yokuhluleka engabikezelwa futhi kufanele ifakwe uphawu futhi isuswe ekujikelezeni kwegazi ngokushesha.

Ukunciphisa Ingozi 2:Ukuqeqeshwa Okuyisisekelo Dlulela ngale kwemiyalelo eyisisekelo. Qinisekisa ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kuchaza izimiso zamandla kazibuthe, ubuthakathaka bezinto ezibonakalayo, kanye nokuphazamiseka. Abasebenzisi kumele baqonde imiphumela yokusebenzisa kabi ukuze basebenzise izinqubo zokuphatha ngokuphephile ngempela.

Ukulawula Okubalulekile Kwemiklamo Eyenziwe Ngokwezifiso: Ukuqinisekiswa Kwesibonelo

Ngaphambi kokuphothula i-oda elikhulu elenziwe ngokwezifiso, nikeza umyalo wokukhiqizwa nokuhlolwa kwama-prototype ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela noma ezilinganisiwe zesevisi (ukushisa, amakhemikhali, ukujikeleza ngomshini). Lokhu kuyindlela yokulawula ephumelela kakhulu yokubamba iphutha lomklamo elibulalayo esibambweni, esihlanganyelweni, noma esilinganisweni se-coating.

Indaba Yemihlangano Emibili

Cabanga ngezitolo ezimbili zemishini ezifanayo. Eyokuqala yathenga omaginethi be-N52 abasezingeni eliphezulu ku-inthanethi ngokusekelwe emandleni okudonsa kuphela. Phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa, eziningana zaphuka ngenxa yokushayisana okuncane, kanti enye, enesibambo esincane sepulasitiki, yahlukana ngesikhathi sokuphakanyiswa, yalimaza ingxenye. Isitolo sesibili saxhumana nochwepheshe. Bakhetha uhlobo lwe-N42 oluqinile kakhulu olune-epoxy coating kanye nesibambo esiqinile, esibunjiwe. Baqeqesha ithimba labo futhi basebenzisa imithetho yokuphatha engenhla. Ngemva konyaka, omaginethi babo bonke bayasebenza, kungekho zigameko zokuphepha. Umehluko wawungeyona inhlanhla—kwakuyimininingwane enolwazi kanye nomkhuba oqeqeshiwe.

Izwi Lokugcina

Ngokuqonda okufanele kanye nenhlonipho, omaginethi abakhulu be-neodymium bawusizo kakhulu futhi baphephile ngokuphelele. Isiko lokuphepha lakhelwe phezu komthwalo wemfanelo womsebenzisi: ukukhetha ithuluzi elifanele, ukuhlomisa nokuqeqesha ithimba kahle, kanye nokuphoqelela izinqubo ezinengqondo. Lokhu kuqala ngokubambisana nomhlinzeki onolwazi kanye nokubeka phambili ukuphepha ezimisweni zakho zokuqala. Uma lezi zimiso zihunyushwa emisebenzini yansuku zonke, uvumela ithimba lakho ukuthi lisebenzise ngokugcwele amandla kazibuthe ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukubaluleka okuyisisekelo kokubuyisela wonke umuntu ekhaya ngokuphephile.

Lo mbono wakhelwe ekubambisaneni ngezandla nonjiniyela, izikhulu zokuphepha, kanye namaqembu okuthenga emikhakheni eminingi. Kuhloswe ukuba kube yisiqondiso esisebenzayo. Kunoma yisiphi isicelo esithile, hlala uthintana futhi unamathele kulwazi oluningiliziwe lobuchwepheshe nokuphepha olunikezwa umenzi wakho wemagnethi.