Amandla Kamagnethi Alinganiswa Kanjani?

Amamagnethi abe yizinto ezithakazelisayo amakhulu eminyaka, ekhanga ososayensi kanye nabathandekayo ngokufanayo ngekhono labo eliyimfihlakalo lokuheha izinto ezithile. Kusukela ezinalitini zekhampasi eziqondisa abahloli basendulo kuya ezindleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe besimanje, amamagnethi adlala indima ebalulekile ezicini ezahlukene zokuphila kwethu. Kodwa singawalinganisa kanjani amandla alawaamasimu kazibutheSilinganisa kanjani amandla amagnethi? Ake sihlole izindlela namathuluzi asetshenziswayo ukulinganisa amandla amagnethi.

Amandla Ensimu Kamagnetic

Amandla kazibuthe anqunywa ngokuyisisekelo yinsimu yawo kazibuthe, indawo ezungeze uzibuthe lapho kuzwakala khona ithonya lawo. Le nsimu imelelwa yimigqa yamandla, esukela esigxotsheni sasenyakatho sikamazibuthe iye esigxotsheni sawo saseningizimu. Uma ubukhulu bale migqa bukhulu, kulapho insimu kazibuthe iba namandla khona.

I-Gauss ne-Tesla: Amayunithi Okulinganisa

Ukuze balinganise amandla ensimu yamagnetic, ososayensi basebenzisa amayunithi amabili ayinhloko okulinganisa: uGauss noTesla.

UGauss (G): Iqanjwe ngesazi sezibalo kanye nesazi sefiziksi saseJalimane uCarl Friedrich Gauss, le yunithi ilinganisa ubukhulu be-magnetic flux noma i-magnetic induction. I-Gauss eyodwa ilingana ne-Maxwell eyodwa ngesentimitha lesikwele. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane be-Gauss, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zanamuhla, ososayensi bavame ukusebenzisa i-Tesla ukuze bathole amandla amakhulu e-magnetic field.

I-Tesla (T): Iqanjwe ngokuhlonipha umsunguli waseSerbia-waseMelika kanye nonjiniyela kagesi uNikola Tesla, le yunithi imelela ubuningi obukhulu bokugeleza kwamandla kazibuthe uma kuqhathaniswa noGauss. I-Tesla eyodwa ilingana ne-Gauss eyi-10,000, okwenza ibe yiyunithi ewusizo kakhulu yokulinganisa amasimu kazibuthe anamandla, njengalawo akhiqizwa omaginethi abanamandla asetshenziswa ocwaningweni lwesayensi noma ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni.

Ama-magnetometer

Ama-magnetometer ayizinto eziklanyelwe ukukala amandla kanye nesiqondiso samasimu kazibuthe. Lawa madivayisi eza ngezindlela ezahlukene, kusukela kumakhampasi aphathwa ngesandla alula kuya emishinini yelebhu eyinkimbinkimbi. Nazi ezinye izinhlobo ezivamile zama-magnetometer asetshenziselwa ukukala amandla ensimu kazibuthe:

1. Ama-magnetometer e-Fluxgate: Lawa ma-magnetometer asebenzisa izimiso zokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic ukukala izinguquko emasimini kazibuthe. Aqukethe i-core eyodwa noma ngaphezulu yamagnetic ezungezwe ama-coil e-wire. Uma evezwa ensimini yamagnetic, ama-core aba yi-magnetized, okwenza isignali kagesi kuma-coil, angalinganiswa futhi alinganiswe ukuze kutholakale amandla ensimu yamagnetic.

2. Ama-Magnetometer e-Hall Effect: Ama-magnetometer e-Hall effect athembele ku-Hall effect, echaza ukukhiqizwa komehluko we-voltage (i-Hall voltage) ku-conductor kagesi lapho ebhekene ne-magnetic field eqondile nokugeleza kwamanje. Ngokulinganisa le voltage, ama-magnetometer e-Hall effect anganquma amandla e-magnetic field.

3. Ama-magnetometer e-SQUID: Ama-magnetometer e-Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) aphakathi kwama-magnetometer azwela kakhulu atholakalayo. Asebenza ngokusekelwe ezicini ze-quantum zama-superconductor, ewavumela ukuthi abone amasimu kazibuthe abuthakathaka kakhulu, kuze kufike ezingeni le-femtoteslas (10^-15 Tesla).

Ukulinganisa kanye Nokumisa

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulinganisa okunembile, ama-magnetometer kumele alinganiswe kahle futhi alinganiswe. Ukulinganisa kuhilela ukuqhathanisa ukuphuma kwe-magnetometer namandla ensimu yamagnetic aziwayo ukuze kusungulwe ubudlelwano obuqondile phakathi kokufundwa kwethuluzi kanye namanani ensimu yamagnetic angempela. Ukulinganisa kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukulinganisa okuthathwa ngama-magnetometer ahlukene kuyahambisana futhi kuyalingana.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Magnetometry

Ikhono lokulinganisa amandla ensimu yamagnetic ngokunembile linezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene:

I-GeophysicsAma-magnetometer asetshenziselwa ukutadisha insimu kazibuthe yoMhlaba, enikeza ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nesakhiwo kanye nokwakheka kwengaphakathi leplanethi.

Ukuzulazula: Amakhampasi, uhlobo lwe-magnetometer, abelokhu eyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuhamba kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, esiza amatilosi nabahloli bamazwe ukuthola indlela yabo yokuwela olwandle olukhulu.

Isayensi Yezinto EzisetshenziswayoI-Magnetometry isetshenziselwa ukuchazaizinto ezisebenza ngogesifuthi bafunde izakhiwo zabo, ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe obufana namadivayisi okugcina amagnetic kanye nemishini ye-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Ukuhlola IsikhalaAma-magnetometer asetshenziswa emkhathini ukuze atadishe amasimu kazibuthe ezindikimba zasezulwini, anikeze ukuqonda ngokwakheka kwawo kanye nomlando we-geology.

Isiphetho

Ukulinganiswa kwamandla ensimu yamagnetic kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukuziphatha kwamamagnethi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene. Ngamayunithi afana neGauss neTesla kanye nezinsimbi ezifana namamagnetometer, ososayensi bangalinganisa ngokunembile amandla ensimu yamagnetic, bavule indlela yokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuhlola, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi. Njengoba ukuqonda kwethu ngemagnetism kuqhubeka kujula, kanjalo nekhono lethu lokusebenzisa amandla ayo ukuze kuzuze isintu.