Yiziphi Izinto Ezihlukahlukene Zama-Magnetic?

I-magnetism, amandla ayisisekelo emvelo, ibonakala ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, ngayinye inezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile kanyeizinhlelo zokusebenza ze-magentUkuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto ezisebenza ngogesi kubalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ifiziksi, ubunjiniyela, kanye nobuchwepheshe. Ake sihlole umhlaba othakazelisayo wezinto ezisebenza ngogesi futhi sihlole izici zazo, ukuhlukaniswa kwazo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo okungokoqobo.

1. Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic:

Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic zikhombisa amandla futhiukwenziwa kwemagnetization okuhlala njalo, ngisho noma kungekho nsimu yamagnetic yangaphandle. I-Iron, i-nickel, ne-cobalt ziyizibonelo zakudala zezinto ze-ferromagnetic. Lezi zinto zinezikhathi zamagnetic ezizenzakalelayo eziqondana ohlangothini olufanayo, zidala insimu yamagnetic eqinile iyonke. Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic zisetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezifana namadivayisi okugcina amandla kazibuthe, ama-motor kagesi, kanye nama-transformer ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo zamandla kazibuthe aqinile.

2. Izinto ze-Paramagnetic:

Izinto ze-paramagnetic zidonswa kancane yizinkundla zamagnetic futhi zibonisa ukuzikhandla kwesikhashana uma zivezwa kulezi zinkundla. Ngokungafani nezinto ze-ferromagnetic, izinto ze-paramagnetic azigcini ukuzikhandla uma insimu yangaphandle isusiwe. Izinto ezifana ne-aluminium, i-platinum, kanye nomoya-mpilo ziyi-paramagnetic ngenxa yokuba khona kwama-electron angabhangqiwe, ahambisana nensimu yamagnetic yangaphandle kodwa abuyela ekuqondisweni okungahleliwe uma insimu isusiwe. Izinto ze-paramagnetic zithola izinhlelo zokusebenza emishinini ye-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), lapho impendulo yazo ebuthakathaka ezinkundleni zamagnetic inenzuzo.

3. Izinto Eziyidayimane:

Izinto ze-diamagnetic, ngokungafani nezinto ze-ferromagnetic kanye ne-paramagnetic, ziyaxoshwa yizinkundla zamagnetic. Uma zivezwa ensimini yamagnetic, izinto ze-diamagnetic zakha insimu yamagnetic ephikisanayo ebuthakathaka, okubangela ukuba zisunduzelwe kude nomthombo wensimu. Izibonelo ezivamile zezinto ze-diamagnetic zifaka phakathi ithusi, i-bismuth, namanzi. Ngenkathi umphumela we-diamagnetic ubuthakathaka uma uqhathaniswa ne-ferromagnetism kanye ne-paramagnetism, unemiphumela ebalulekile emikhakheni efana nesayensi yezinto kanye nobuchwepheshe be-levitation.

4. Izinto ze-Ferrimagnetic:

Izinto ze-Ferrimagnetic zibonisa ukuziphatha okufana nezinto ze-ferromagnetic kodwa zinezakhiwo ezihlukile ze-magnetic. Ezintweni ze-ferrimagnetic, ama-sublattice amabili ezikhathi ze-magnetic aqondana ngezindlela eziphambene, okuholela kumzuzu we-magnetic ophelele. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kudala ukukhwehlela okuhlala njalo, yize ngokuvamile kubuthakathaka kunezinto ze-ferromagnetic. Ama-Ferrite, uhlobo lwezinto ze-ceramic eziqukethe ama-iron oxide compounds, ayizibonelo eziphawulekayo zezinto ze-ferrimagnetic. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-electronics, ezokuxhumana, kanye namadivayisi e-microwave ngenxa yezakhiwo zawo ze-magnetic kanye ne-electric.

5. Izinto Ezilwa Ne-ferromagnetic:

Izinto ezilwa ne-ferromagnetic zibonisa ukuhleleka kwe-magnetic lapho izikhathi eziseduze ze-magnetic zivumelanisa khona i-antiparallel komunye nomunye, okuholela ekukhanselweni kwe-magnetic moment iyonke. Ngenxa yalokho, izinto ezilwa ne-ferromagnetic ngokuvamile azibonisi i-macroscopic magnetization. I-Manganese oxide ne-chromium ziyizibonelo zezinto ezilwa ne-ferromagnetic. Nakuba zingase zingatholi ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kubuchwepheshe be-magnetic, izinto ezilwa ne-ferromagnetic zidlala indima ebalulekile ocwaningweni oluyisisekelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-spintronics, igatsha le-electronics elisebenzisa ukujikeleza kwama-electron.