Neodymium magnet bụ ụdị ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide na-arụ ọrụ dị elu, nke mejupụtara neodymium, iron, boron na ihe ndị ọzọ.Ọ nwere magnetism siri ike ma ugbu a bụ otu n'ime ihe ndọta na-adịgide adịgide kachasị ike nke ejiri zụọ ahịa.Neodymium magnet nwere ike ndọta dị oke elu yana ike ndọta mara mma yana ngwaahịa ike magnetik.Ya mere, a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, gụnyere teknụzụ eletrọnịkị, igwe eletriki eletrik, sensọ, magnets, wdg.Magnetism nke Neodymium magnet na-abịa site na nhazi nke lattice ya na nhazi nke atọm.Nhazi lattice nke Neodymium magnet bụ nke ukwuu nyere iwu ma bụrụ nke sistemu kristal Tetragonal.A na-ahazi atọm n'ụzọ ọ bụla na lattice, na oge ndọta ha na-adịgide adịgide, yana mmekọrịta siri ike n'etiti ha.Nhazi a nyere iwu na mmekọrịta na-eme ka Neodymium magnet nwere ihe ndọta siri ike.Enwere ike idozi magnetism nke Neodymium magnet site na usoro nkwadebe dị iche iche na usoro nhazi.Ọmụmaatụ,China neodymium magnetikenwere ike mee ka ọ bụrụ ihe ndọta nwere ọdịdị dị mgbagwoju anya site na usoro nchara ntụ ntụ.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a pụkwara iwere ihe ndị dị ka ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ, ọgwụgwọ magnetization, na mkpuchi iji kwalitewanye ihe ndọta na nkwụsi ike ya.Otú ọ dị, ekwesịrị iburu n'obi na ihe ndọta nke Neodymium magnet ga-ebelata na okpomọkụ dị elu.Ọnọdụ magnetik dị oke egwu nke Neodymium magnet bụ n'ozuzu n'etiti 200-300 ℃.Mgbe oke okpomọkụ gafere, magnetization na ike ndọta nke Neodymium magnet ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ daa mbà, ma ọ bụ ọbụna hapụ magnetism ya kpamkpam.Ya mere, na ngwa bara uru, ọ dị mkpa ịhọrọ okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị dabere na okpomọkụ magnetik dị oke egwu nke ihe magnetik Neodymium.

Ⅰ. Ihe ndọta nke Neodymium magnet na ụkpụrụ nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ

A. Njirimara ndọta nke Neodymium magnet: Neodymium magnetik bụ ụdị ihe ndọta dị ụkọ na-adịgide adịgide nke nwere ihe ndọta siri ike.Ọ nwere njirimara nke ngwaahịa ike magnetik dị elu, ịdị elu dị elu na mmanye dị elu.Ike ndọta nke Neodymium magnet na-adịkarị elu karịa nke ferrite na aluminom nickel cobalt magnetik.Nke a na-eme Neodymium magnet nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ngwa, dị ka moto, sensọ na magnets.

B. Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti nhazi atomic na oge magnetik:A na-enweta magnetism nke Neodymium magnet site na mmekọrịta nke oge magnetik atomic.Oge ndọta atọm bụ nke ntugharị nke eletrọn na oge ndọta orbital.Mgbe a na-ahazi atọm ndị a na lattice, mmekọrịta oge ndọta ha na-eduga na ọgbọ nke magnetism.Na Neodymium magnetik, oge ndọta nke atọm na-esite na ion neodymium asaa na-enweghị atụ, ndị ntụgharị ya dị n'otu ụzọ ahụ dị ka oge ndọta orbital.N'ụzọ dị otú a, a na-emepụta oghere magnetik siri ike, na-eme ka magnetism siri ike nke Neodymium magnet.

C. Mmetụta okpomọkụ na-agbanwe na nhazi atọm: A na-ekpebi nhazi na mmekọrịta nke atom na lattice site na okpomọkụ.Na mmụba nke okpomọkụ, Thermal ngagharị nke atọm na-abawanye, na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti atọm na-adịtụ ike na-adịghị ike, nke na-eduga na enweghị ntụkwasị obi nke n'usoro ndokwa nke atọm.Nke a ga-emetụta ntinye atomic nke Neodymium magnet, si otú a na-emetụta njirimara magnetik ya.N'ebe okpomọkụ dị elu, mmegharị okpomọkụ nke atom na-esiwanye ike, na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti atom na-esiwanye ike, na-eduga n'ịda mbà nke magnetization na ike magnetik nke Neodymium magnet.

D. Ọkụ magnetik dị egwu nke magnetik Neodymium:Ọnọdụ magnetik dị oke egwu nke Neodymium magnet na-ezo aka na okpomọkụ nke Neodymium magnet na-atụfu magnetism ya na oke okpomọkụ.N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, okpomọkụ magnetik dị oke egwu nke Neodymium magnet bụ ihe dịka 200-300 ℃.Mgbe okpomoku karịrị oke magnetik dị oke egwu, a na-emebi nhazi atomic nke Neodymium magnet, a na-ekesa ntụzịaka oge ndọta na-enweghị usoro, na-ebute ndakpọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna nfu nke magnetization na ike ndọta zuru oke.Ya mere, na ngwa, ekwesịrị ịkwụ ụgwọ nlebara anya na ịchịkwa okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke Neodymium magnet iji nọgide na-enwe ihe ndọta kwụsiri ike.

Ⅱ.Mmetụta okpomọkụ na magnetism nke Neodymium magnet

A. Mmetụta nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ na magnetization nke Neodymium magnet:mgbanwe okpomọkụ ga-emetụta magnetization nke Neodymium magnet.N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, na mmụba nke okpomọkụ, magnetization nke Neodymium magnet ga-ebelata na usoro magnetization ga-adị larịị.Nke a bụ n'ihi na okpomọkụ dị elu ga-eme ka ngalaba magnetik dị na Neodymium magnet na-adịwanye njọ, na-ebute mbelata na magnetization nkeobere neodymium diski magnet.

B. Mmetụta nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ na mmanye nke Neodymium magnet: Mmanya na-ezo aka na ike ndọta etinyere na-erute uru dị oke mkpa nke magnetization zuru oke n'oge ndọta.Mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ ga-emetụta mmanye nke Neodymium magnet.N'ozuzu, na okpomọkụ dị elu, Coercivity nke Neodymium magnet ga-ebelata, ebe na obere okpomọkụ, Coercivity ga-abawanye.Nke a bụ n'ihi na okpomọkụ dị elu nwere ike ịbawanye mkpali ọkụ nke ngalaba magnetik, na-achọ ebe magnetik pere mpe iji magnetize magnet niile.

C. Mmetụta nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ na nkwụsịtụ oge na nkwụsị nke Neodymium magnet: oge damping na-ezo aka n'ókè nke attenuation nke oge magnetik n'oge magnetization nke magnet, na remanence na-ezo aka na ogo magnetization nke Neodymium magnet ka nwere n'okpuru mmetụta nke demagnetization.Mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ ga-emetụta oge nkwụsịtụ na nkwụsị nke Neodymium magnet.N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, mmụba nke okpomọkụ ga-eduga n'ịbawanye na oge nkwụsị nke neodymium magnet, na-eme ka usoro magnetization dịkwuo ngwa ngwa.N'otu oge ahụ, ịrị elu nke okpomọkụ ga-ebelata remanence nke Neodymium magnet, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mfe ida magnetization n'okpuru omume nke demagnetization.

Ⅲ.Ngwa na njikwa nke Neodymium magnetik ọnwụ

A. Oke okpomọkụ maka ojiji nke Neodymium magnet: ihe ndọta magnetik nke Neodymium magnet ga-emetụta oke okpomọkụ, n'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ịkwụsị ọrụ okpomọkụ nke Neodymium magnet na ngwa bara uru.N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke Neodymium magnet kwesịrị ịdị ala karịa okpomọkụ magnetik ya dị oke egwu iji hụ na nkwụsi ike nke ịrụ ọrụ magnetik.Oke oke okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ ga-adịgasị iche dabere na ngwa dị iche iche na ihe ndị akọwapụtara.A na-atụ aro ka iji Neodymium magnet n'okpuru 100-150 ℃.

B. Ntụle ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na ike ndọta na imewe magnet: Mgbe ị na-emepụta ihe ndọta, mmetụta okpomọkụ na ike magnetik bụ ihe dị mkpa ị ga-atụle.Igwe ọkụ dị elu ga-ebelata ike magnetik nke Neodymium magnet, ya mere ọ dị mkpa iji tụlee mmetụta nke okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ na nhazi nhazi.Usoro a na-ahụkarị bụ ịhọrọ ihe ndọta nwere ezigbo nkwụsi ike, ma ọ bụ mee ihe jụrụ oyi iji belata okpomoku magnetik na-arụ ọrụ iji hụ na ọ nwere ike idowe ike magnetik zuru oke na gburugburu oke okpomọkụ.

C. Ụzọ iji kwalite nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ nke Neodymium magnet: Iji meziwanye nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ nke Neodymium magnet na okpomọkụ dị elu, a pụrụ ịnakwere ụzọ ndị a: Ịgbakwunye ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe: na-agbakwụnye ihe ndị dị ka aluminom na nickel na Neodymium magnet nwere ike ime ka ọ dịkwuo elu okpomọkụ. Ọgwụgwọ mkpuchi elu: ọgwụgwọ pụrụ iche. n'elu Neodymium magnet, dị ka electroplating ma ọ bụ mkpuchi oyi akwa nke ihe nchebe, nwere ike imeziwanye okpomọkụ ya dị elu. Nhazi njikarịcha magnet: site n'ịmepụta nhazi na geometry nke magnet, ịrị elu okpomọkụ na ikpo ọkụ nke Neodymium magnet na Enwere ike ibelata okpomọkụ dị elu, si otú ahụ na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke okpomọkụ dịkwuo mma. Ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị jụụ: nhazi dị mma nke ọma, dị ka mmiri mmiri jụrụ oyi ma ọ bụ fan jụrụ oyi, nwere ike ibelata okpomọkụ nke Neodymium magnet na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma ma melite nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ ya. Enwere ike imeziwanye nkwụsi ike nke Neodymium magnet site n'ụzọ ndị a dị n'elu, magnetism nke Neodymium magnet nwere ike ịla n'iyi na oke okpomọkụ dị elu ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ magnetik ya gafere.Ya mere, na ngwa okpomọkụ dị elu, ihe ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa ka a tụlere iji gboo mkpa ahụ.

Na ngwụcha

Nkwụsi ike ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke Neodymium magnet dị oke mkpa iji nọgide na-enwe ihe ndọta ya na mmetụta ngwa.Mgbe ị na-emebe ma na-ahọpụta magnetik Neodymium, ọ dị mkpa ịtụle njirimara magnetization ya na oke okpomọkụ ma mee usoro dabara adaba iji mee ka arụmọrụ ya kwụsie ike.Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye ịhọrọ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị, iji nkwakọ ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ikpo ọkụ na-emepụta ihe iji belata mmetụta okpomọkụ, na ịchịkwa ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi maka mgbanwe okpomọkụ. Ụlọ ọrụ anyị bụ aChina neodymium diski magnets ụlọ ọrụ, ọ bụrụ na ị chọrọ ngwaahịa a, biko kpọtụrụ anyị n'egbughị oge.