Imbaraga za rukuruzi zipimwa gute?

Magneti zimaze ibinyejana byinshi ari ibintu bishishikaje, bikurura abahanga mu bya siyansi n'abakunda ibintu bitandukanye bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo bw'amayobera bwo gukurura ibintu bimwe na bimwe. Kuva ku nshinge za compass ziyobora abashakashatsi ba kera kugeza ku buryo buhambaye bw'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, magneti zigira uruhare runini mu bice bitandukanye by'ubuzima bwacu. Ariko se twapima dute imbaraga z'ibiimbaraga za rukuruziNi gute dupima imbaraga za rukuruzi? Reka turebe uburyo n'ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gupima imbaraga za rukuruzi.

Imbaraga z'umurima wa rukuruzi

Imbaraga za rukuruzi zigenwa ahanini n'imbaraga zayo za rukuruzi, agace gakikije rukuruzi aho ingaruka zayo zumvika. Uyu murima ugaragazwa n'imirongo y'imbaraga, iva ku mpera y'amajyaruguru ya rukuruzi ikagera ku mpera yayo y'amajyepfo. Uko iyi mirongo irushaho kuba myinshi, niko imbaraga za rukuruzi ziba zikomeye.

Gauss na Tesla: Ibipimo by'ibipimo

Kugira ngo bapime imbaraga z'umurima wa rukuruzi, abahanga mu bya siyansi bakoresha ibipimo bibiri by'ingenzi: Gauss na Tesla.

Gauss (G): Iyi mashini yitiriwe umuhanga mu mibare akaba n'umuhanga mu bya fisike w'Umudage witwa Carl Friedrich Gauss, ipima ubucucike bwa magnetic flux cyangwa induction ya magnetic. Gauss imwe ingana na Maxwell imwe kuri santimetero kare. Ariko, bitewe n'ubunini buto bwa Gauss, cyane cyane mu bihe bya none, abahanga mu bya siyansi bakunze gukoresha Tesla mu gukurura imbaraga za magnetic.

Tesla (T): Iyi mashini yitiriwe umuhanzi w’umunyamerika ukomoka muri Seribiya akaba n’umuhanga mu by’amashanyarazi Nikola Tesla, igaragaza ubucucike bwinshi bwa rukuruzi ugereranije na Gauss. Tesla imwe ingana na Gauss 10.000, bigatuma iba igikoresho gifatika cyo gupima imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi, nk’izikorwa n’ingufu zikomeye zikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi cyangwa mu nganda.

Ibipimo bya Magnetometero

Magnetometa ni ibikoresho byagenewe gupima imbaraga n'icyerekezo cy'imbaraga za rukuruzi. Ibi bikoresho biza mu buryo butandukanye, kuva kuri compass zoroshye zikoreshwa mu ntoki kugeza ku bikoresho bya laboratwari bigezweho. Dore ubwoko bumwe busanzwe bwa magnetometa zikoreshwa mu gupima imbaraga za rukuruzi:

1. Ibikoresho bya Magnetometero bya Fluxgate: Izi magnetometer zikoresha amahame yo gupima impinduka mu miterere ya rukuruzi. Zigizwe n'umubumbe umwe cyangwa myinshi ya rukuruzi izengurutswe n'insinga. Iyo ishyizwe ku mubumbe wa rukuruzi, imibumbe iba imeze nk'ingufu, bigatuma habaho ikimenyetso cy'amashanyarazi muri iyo mibumbe, ishobora gupimwa no gupimwa kugira ngo hamenyekane imbaraga z'umubumbe wa rukuruzi.

2. Ibipimo bya Magnetometero bya Hall Effect: Magnetometa y'ingaruka za Hall ishingira ku ngaruka za Hall, isobanura ikorwa ry'itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi (voltage ya Hall) ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi iyo ishyizwe ku ngufu za rukuruzi zigororotse zigana ku muvuduko w'amazi. Mu gupima iyi voltage, Magnetometa y'ingaruka za Hall ishobora kumenya imbaraga z'imbaraga za rukuruzi.

3. Ibipimo bya Magnetometero bya SQUID: Ibikoresho bya magnetometer bya Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) biri mu bikoresho bya magnetometer bifite ubushobozi bwo gupima cyane biboneka. Bikora hashingiwe ku miterere ya quantum ya superconductors, bigatuma babona imbaraga za magnetique zidakomeye cyane, kugeza ku rwego rwa femtoteslas (10^-15 Tesla).

Gupima no Gushyira mu Bipimo

Kugira ngo harebwe neza ibipimo, magnetometer zigomba gupimwa neza kandi zigapimwa neza. Gupima bikubiyemo kugereranya umusaruro wa magnetometer n'imbaraga zizwi za magnetic field kugira ngo habeho isano iri hagati y'ibipimo by'igikoresho n'agaciro nyako ka magnetic field. Gupima neza bishimangira ko ibipimo bifatwa hakoreshejwe magnetometer zitandukanye bihuye kandi bingana.

Imikoreshereze ya Magnetometiri

Ubushobozi bwo gupima neza imbaraga za rukuruzi bufite akamaro kenshi mu nzego zitandukanye:

Fiziki y'isi: Magnetometero zikoreshwa mu kwiga imbaraga rukuruzi z'Isi, zitanga amakuru y'ingirakamaro ku miterere n'imiterere y'imbere mu isi.

Uburyo bwo kugenzura: Compasses, ubwoko bwa magnetometer, zabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu ngendo zo mu mazi kuva kera, zifasha abasare n'abashakashatsi kubona inzira yo kwambuka inyanja nini.

Ubumenyi bw'IbikoreshoMagnetometiri ikoreshwa mu kugereranyaibikoresho bya rukuruzino kwiga imiterere yabyo, ingenzi mu iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga nk'ibikoresho byo kubika amakuru bya rukuruzi n'imashini zipima amashusho ya rukuruzi (MRI).

Ubushakashatsi bw'ikirere: Magnetometero zishyirwa mu cyogajuru kugira ngo zige ku ngufu za rukuruzi z'imibumbe yo mu kirere, zitanga ubumenyi ku miterere yayo n'amateka yayo.

Umwanzuro

Gupima imbaraga za rukuruzi ni ingenzi kugira ngo dusobanukirwe imyitwarire ya rukuruzi n'ikoreshwa ryazo mu nzego zitandukanye. Binyuze mu bikoresho nka Gauss na Tesla n'ibikoresho nka magnetometer, abahanga mu bya siyansi bashobora gupima neza imbaraga za rukuruzi, bagategura inzira yo gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga, ubushakashatsi, n'ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi. Uko dusobanukirwa rukuruzi bikomeza kwiyongera, ni ko n'ubushobozi bwacu bwo gukoresha imbaraga zarwo ku bw'inyungu z'abantu buzakomeza kwiyongera.