Ni gute ibyuma bya Neodymium byitwa "Neodymium Perte Magnets" bikorwa?

Niba warigeze gukuramo agasanduku k'udukuru tw'impeta tutajyanye na rotor yawe, twatakaje imbaraga nyuma y'ukwezi, cyangwa twangiritse mbere yo kuzishyiraho, uzi uko bimeze. Ikibazo akenshi si ibikoresho - ahubwo ni uburyo magnet yakozwe.

Nabonye abaguzi bibwira ko magneti zose z'impeta zituruka ku murongo umwe. Ntabwo ari byo. Icyuho kiri hagati ya magneti "nziza bihagije" n'imwe ikora imyaka myinshi muri moteri cyangwa sensor kiva ku ntambwe zo gukora utazigera ubona.

Dore rero ibibera mu iduka ry’imashini zikora magnetique – kandi aho amakosa menshi ahenze yinjirira.

Gufata byihuse

Gutegura ibikoresho
Uburyo bwo gucukura
Gutunganya no gusiga irangi
Icyerekezo cyo gushyira ingufu mu ikoranabuhanga
Isuzuma ry'ubuziranenge

Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi ku mashini zikoresha impeta za Neodymium

Mbere yuko tunyura mu ruganda, reka dusobanure ikintu kimwe. Ntushobora gukora magneti y'impeta neza niba imiterere yayo idasobanutse neza.
Gusobanura ingano ya rukuruzi y'impeta ikwiye ni bwo buryo bwa mbere bwo kuyungurura hagati y'igice kigwa mu gice cyawe n'ikindi kigwa cyangwa kinyeganyega. Tuzagaruka ku buryo bwo kwihanganira ibintu nyuma - ariko menya ko intambwe yose igana inyuma iterwa n'igishushanyo cyawe.

 

Incamake y'Inzira yo Gukora Magnet ya Neodymium Ring

Gutegura ibikoresho

Itangirana na neodymium mbisi, icyuma, na boron - hamwe n'ibindi bintu bike byongeramo nk'ibinyabutabire bya dysprosium cyangwa terbium kugira ngo birwane n'ubushyuhe. Ifu ishongeshwa mu itanura rikoresha umwuka, hanyuma igashyirwamo uduce duto. Utwo duce duhinduka ifu ikomeye.

Aha niho impande zicibwa: inganda zihendutse zikoresha uburyo budasobanutse bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho cyangwa zisibye uburyo budasobanutse. Ingaruka zabyo ni izihe? Ingufu zikoresha ibyuma bipima neza ariko zikora 15-20% munsi y'ibipimo. Twohereza buri gice cy'ibikoresho fatizo muri laboratwari yo hanze. Iyo karuboni cyangwa ogisijeni bigabanutseho 0.05%, turabyanga. Ibyo bisa nkaho ari ibintu bidasanzwe kugeza igihe usimbuje impeta 10.000 kuko zatakaje flux muri moteri ishyushye.

Uburyo bwo gukaraba (Ifu y'icyuma)

Ifu nziza ishyirwa mu gikoresho kiri munsi y’imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi. Ku mashini zizunguruka, iyo mashini ihuza uduce duto - iyi mashini igena neza umusaruro wa nyuma wa rukuruzi. Hanyuma uduce duto twakase "icyatsi kibisi" tujya mu itanura rishyuha.

Gushyushya ibintu kugeza hafi aho bishongesha (hafi 1060–1100°C) mu mwuka udafite umwuka cyangwa umwuka udafite umwuka. Utu duce duhurira hamwe, tugagabanya igice ku kigero cya 15–20% mu buryo bugenzuwe. Uku kugabanuka birashoboka - ariko gusa iyo ubushyuhe n'igihe byo mu itanura ryawe byashyizwemo. Kugabanuka kwa 10°C mu gihe cy'isaha imwe bishobora gutuma habaho impeta zifite imyenge myinshi cyangwa zigacika intege cyane.

Nyuma yo gushyushya, magneti zirakonjeshwa hanyuma zikagenda zishaje (zigashyuha) mu ntambwe nyinshi. Ibi bitera imbaraga za nyuma zo kurwanya magneti kwa demagnetize. Simbuka uruziga rwo gushyushya maze magneti yawe y'impeta izikuraho magnetize mu gipangu gishyushye.

Gutunganya no Gushushanya

Imashini zikozwe mu itanura zikozwe mu buryo bwa "sintered ring magnets" zituruka mu itanura zikomeye kandi zigacika intege ariko ntiziragera ku rugero rwa nyuma. Imashini zikorwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bya diyama cyangwa imashini zikoresha amashanyarazi (EDM) kuko karubide isanzwe itazigabanya.

Umurambararo w'imbere (ID) n'umurambararo w'inyuma (OD) birasenyutse kugira ngo bishobore kwihanganira. Ku mpeta isanzwe y'inganda, dufata ± 0.05mm kuri ID na OD. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bunoze nk'impeta zo gukodesha, bigabanuka kugeza kuri ± 0.01mm. Ndibuka itsinda aho umukiriya yagennye "uburyo busanzwe bwo kwihanganira" - hanyuma akinubira ko 0.1mm igenda itera ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ubu duhora twibaza tuti: igice cyo guhuza ni ikihe, kandi aho biherereye ni iki?

 

Uburyo bwo gukurura no gusiga amashanyarazi

Ubushobozi bwo gukurura imirasire (Axial vs Radial Magnetization)

Aha niho magneti y'impeta iba ingirakamaro cyangwa ntacyo imaze. Gukoresha magneti si uburyo busanzwe bwo gushyiraho imiterere yayo - igomba kugaragazwa.

- Gukoresha ingufu za rukuruzi mu gice cy'amajyaruguru bivuze ko inkingi zo mu majyaruguru n'izo mu majyepfo ziri ku mpande ebyiri zigororotse. Ibi ni ibisanzwe ku mikoranire ya rukuruzi, impeta zo gufata, n'amatsinda y'indangururamajwi.
- Gukurura imirasire y'urumuri bivuze ko inkingi ziri ku murambararo w'imbere n'uw'inyuma - isura imwe iri mu majyaruguru, isura inyuranye iri mu majyepfo, ariko imbaraga za rukuruzi zirasohoka mu buryo bw'urumuri. Ibi nibyo ukeneye kuri rotors za DC zidafite brushless, bearings za rukuruzi, na bimwe mu byuma bipima.

Nabonye injeniyeri zitumiza impeta 5000 zifite magnetism, ariko nabonye ko bibagiwe kubwira uruganda umubare w'inkingi (inkingi 2, inkingi 4, inkingi 8). Uruganda rwabikoze byose inkingi 2. Impeta zarakoraga, ntabwo ari izo gukoresha. Buri gihe yemeza icyerekezo cy'imashini zikoresha magnetism ukoresheje igishushanyo kigaragaza icyerekezo cy'inkingi ugereranyije n'inzira cyangwa ikimenyetso.

Uburyo bwo gusiga irangi n'ingaruka zaryo

Ingufu za Neodymiumni icyuma kigera kuri 60% - bizagwa mu masaha make mu kirere gikonje. Gusiga si ubwiza.

- NiCuNi (nikeli y'umuringa ya nikeli): Ikoreshwa mu nganda zumye. Irakomeye, iratwara amazi, kandi ni nto (10–20µm). Ariko gushwanyagurika rimwe no kwangirika biratangira.
- Epoxy: Ifite ubunini (25–50µm), ntitwara amazi, kandi irwanya cyane gusukwaho umunyu n'ubushuhe. Ni mbi ariko irakomeye. Tuyikoresha mu byuma bipima hanze no mu mazi.
- Zinc: Ihendutse kandi iratanga umusaruro. Ni nziza cyane ku mazu ahuriramo ibintu bitajya bihinduka.
- Passivation / fosfati: Ni nto cyane – gusa kuri magnets zizashyirwamo kole cyangwa zigashyirwamo cyane, kuko kole zifata neza ku buso bubi kandi bufite imyenge.

Hari umukiriya wigeze kureka epoxy maze akoresha nikeli ku mpeta zo mu bwoko bwa sensor y'amazi. Nyuma y'amezi atatu, impeta yose yari irimo gushwanyagurika. Ikiguzi cy'ingwate cyararenze amafaranga yose. Ntugakeke - gerageza icyitegererezo aho uri nyaho.

 

Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge mu Ikorwa rya Magneti

Ubwihangane n'Isuzuma ry'Uburyo bwo Kwihanganira no Gupima mu Bice bitandukanye

Buri mashini igenzura impeta irasuzumwa - ariko si buri ruganda rugenzura kimwe. Dukoresha uburyo bwo gupima OD, ID, n'ubugari ku 100% by'amadosiye yihariye. Mikorometero ya laser isuzuma buri gice mu gihe kiri munsi y'isegonda. Impeta iyo ari yo yose itari mu buryo bwemewe ijya mu gisanduku cy'imyanda.

Ariko dore umutego: kwihanganirana bireba byose uko ari bitatuingano ku giti cyazoImpeta ishobora kugira OD itunganye, indangamuntu ifite 0.03mm nto cyane, n'ubugari bungana na 0.1mm. Izakomeza kwangirika. Niyo mpamvu ugomba kugaragaza ingano z'ingenzi n'izishingiyeho.

Isuzuma ry'imikorere n'iramba

Ingufu za rukuruzi zipimirwa hakoreshejwe Helmholtz coil cyangwa Gauss meter ahantu henshi hakikije impeta. Ku mpeta zifite rukuruzi, tugenzura aho hagati n'aho hafi y'impande. Ku mpeta zifite rukuruzi, tuzunguruka igice tugashaka uko inkingi ingana - itandukaniro riri hejuru ya 3% bivuze ko imiterere y'aho bakandaga itari ingana mu gihe cyo gukanda.

Isuzuma ry'ubushyuhe ni ikindi cyiciro. Dufata impeta eshanu kuri buri gice, tukabishyira mu itanura ku bushyuhe ntarengwa wagennye (urugero: 120°C) mu gihe cy'amasaha abiri, tukabikonjesha, hanyuma tugapima flux. Iyo byatakaje ibirenze 5% by'umusaruro wabyo w'umwimerere, igice kiranze. Icyo ni ikizamini gisanzwe abatanga ibikoresho benshi "bahendutse" bareka kuko bifata igihe kandi bigasibanganya ibikoresho.

 

Ibyo abaguzi bagomba kwemeza mbere yo gutumiza Neodymium Ring Magnets

Ibipimo n'Ubwihangane

Gira ibisobanuro birambuye. Ntukandike ngo “OD 20mm”. Andika ngo “OD 20.00 ± 0.05 mm, ID 10.00 +0.02/-0.00 mm, ubugari 5.00 ± 0.03 mm”. Bwira uwakoze ibintu ubuso buhuye. Kandi buri gihe, saba raporo y'igenzura ry'ibintu mbere yo kubitunganya byose.

Amanota y'ibikoresho

Amanota kuva kuri N35 kugeza kuri N55 akwereka ingufu ntarengwa. Umubare munini wa N = ukomeye ariko woroshye kandi wihanganira ubushyuhe. Ingufu ya N52 ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba iratangaje. Ingufu ya N52 ku bushyuhe bwa 70°C itakaza 12% by'imbaraga zayo. Ingufu ya N42SH ku bushyuhe bumwe nta kintu na kimwe itakaza. Huza urwego n'ubushyuhe bw'imikorere yawe, ntabwo ari umubare wa kataloge gusa.

Icyerekezo cyo gukurura amashanyarazi

Iyi si "nziza kuyigira". Ni yo parametero imwe idasobanutse neza. Shyira akambi ku gishushanyo cyawe. Andika "axial magnetized, ruguru hejuru y'isura". Cyangwa "radial 4-pole, outer diameter ruguru". Niba udashobora kuyibona, saba icyitegererezo cya magnetized - urupapuro n'ibikoresho by'icyuma bizakwereka igishushanyo ako kanya.

 

Gukora ku buryo bwihariye ku mashini zikoresha impeta za Neodymium

Uburyo bwo Kubaka Uburyo bwo Gucapa

Niba ukeneye magneti y'impeta itaba muri kataloge - ikigereranyo kidasanzwe cya ID / OD, irangi ryihariye, igishushanyo cy'inkingi nyinshi - urimo kurebarukuruzi za neodymium zihariyeUburyo bworoshye: wohereza igishushanyo cyangwa icyitegererezo, tugasuzuma uburyo ibikoresho bitongera ubushobozi bwo kubikoresha, hanyuma tugatanga ikiguzi cyo kubikoresha (niba gihari) n'igiciro cya buri gice.

Ibikoresho byo gukoresha magnets z'impeta akenshi biba ari uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho byo gusya n'ibyo gusya. Tegereza mbere y'igihe $500–2000 ku bipimo bitari bisanzwe. Icyo giciro gikurwaho ugereranyije n'ingano y'ibyo watumije. Ku bwinshi (ibice 10.000+), ibikoresho byo gukoresha kuri buri gice ni bike cyane.

MOQ n'igihe cyo gutanga umusanzu

Ingano ntoya y’ingufu zikoreshwa mu gutumiza ku magineti yihariye akenshi itangirira ku bice 2000–5000 byo gukora hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusimbuza. Bamwe mu batanga ibicuruzwa bagabanya (ibice 500–1000) bakoresheje neodymium cyangwa stock yahinduwe, ariko imikorere ntabwo ari imwe - magineti zikoreshwa zifite intege nke ku kigero cya 30%.

Igihe cyo gutanga serivisi: Ibyumweru 4-6 byo gukoresha ibikoresho no gutanga ingero za mbere, hanyuma ibindi byumweru 4-6 byo gukora no gusiga irangi nyuma yo kwemezwa kw'icyitegererezo. Amabwiriza yihutishwa (ibyumweru 2-3 byose hamwe) arashoboka ariko witeze kwishyura ubwishingizi bwa 30-50% kandi wemere kwihanganira ibintu bikomeye kuri gahunda y'uruganda, ntabwo ari ibyawe.

 

Magnets za Neodymium Ring zikoreshwa muri byose kuva kuri moteri za EV kugeza kuri encoders z'ubuvuzi kugeza ku bikoresho byo gufata. Uburyo bwo gukora ni bukuze ariko ntibugira ingaruka mbi. Shaka ibipimo neza, gerageza prototype, kandi ukorana n'umucuruzi ubaza ibibazo - ntabwo ari umuntu usubiza gusa "yego" kuri buri nomero wanditse.

Niba ushaka kongera kubona igishushanyo cyawe cya magnet mbere yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa byinshi, hamagara. Twabonye amakosa yo kwihanganira ibintu byatwaraga abakiriya bacu amafaranga atandatu. Iryo ni ryo kosa ukora rimwe gusa.

Ikoranabuhanga rya Fullzen | Uruganda rukora Neodymium Magnet rwihariye

Kuva ku bikoresho kugeza ku gusunika – byakozwe uko ubikeneye.