Ni gute Magnets z'impeta zikoreshwa mu byuma bipima no mu byuma bipima amashanyarazi?

Iyo umaze gukorana n'ibipimo by'ingufu za rukuruzi, uhita ubona ko rukuruzi ari ikintu cyoroshye cyane—ni cyo gitandukanya ibipimo by'ingufu zifata neza igihe kirekire n'ingufu zitangira guhindagurika nyuma y'ingendo ibihumbi bike gusa.

Ingufu zikoresha impeta ni amahitamo asanzwe muri izi porogaramu, kandi ni impamvu yumvikana. Ariko kuzikoresha neza—cyane cyane iyo ushaka kuzikoresha—bisaba ibirenze guhitamo ingano ku rupapuro rw'amakuru.

Nabonye injeniyeri zisobanura neza magneti y'impeta ku mpapuro, ariko zihura n'ibibazo byo guhuza kuko imiterere ya magneti itajyanye n'uburyo sensor yasomaga. Reka turebere hamwe.ibisubizo bya magneti y'impeta ku byuma bipima

 

Gufata byihuse

Ni byiza cyane kuri encoders na sensors zo mu mwanya
Bisaba kugenzura neza magnetization
Ingano zigira ingaruka ku buryo sisitemu ikora neza
Akenshi ikorerwa ahantu hagenewe guteranyirizwa

 

Impamvu Magnets z'impeta zikoreshwa muri Sensors

Urebye bwa mbere, uruziga rw'impeta rusa n'aho rworoshye. Ariko iyo ruhu hagati ihindura byose.

Umurima wa rukuruzi uhamye

Dore verisiyo yahinduwe ikomeza ubusobanuro bw'umwimerere mu gihe ihindura imiterere n'amagambo:

Ugereranije na magneti za disiki zikomeye, magneti z'impeta zitanga ubuyobozi bwiza kandi bushobora gusobanurwa mbere y'igihe. Imbere yazo ituma habaho gukwirakwira kw'amazi mu buryo bumwe, ikintu cy'ingenzi ku byuma bipima ingaruka za Hall n'ibice bipima ingufu bisaba ko ibintu bihinduka kandi bigasubiramo.

Urugero, muri encoders zizunguruka, magnet ifite impeta nyinshi ikora inkingi zisimburana zo mu majyaruguru n'amajyepfo ku muzenguruko wayo. Sensor isoma izi mpinduka kugira ngo imenye aho inguni iherereye. Iyo umurima utaringaniye, encoder yawe itakaza ubuziranenge.

Guhuza ibintu bito

Umwanya uhora ari muto mu byuma bipima. Ukoresheje magneti y'impeta, ushobora kuyishyira ku giti mu gihe ugifite umwanya imbere wo gushyiramo ibindi bice. Ntabwo wongeramo gusa ibikoresho by'inyongera—uba wubaka magneti mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.

Niyo mpamvu nyine magnets zikoreshwa ahantu hose—kuva kuri sensors zo mu mwanya wa throttle mu modoka kugeza kuri moteri za servo zo mu nganda. Zikemura ikibazo cyo gushyiramo ibyuma bidasabye ivugurura ryuzuye ry’iteraniro rusange.

Iyo porogaramu isaba imikorere yizewe mu mwanya muto, ibisubizo bya magneti y'impeta kuri sensors akenshi ni byo bikunze kuba amahitamo meza cyane.

Porogaramu Zisanzwe

Ingufu zikoresha impeta zigaragara ahantu henshi kurusha uko abantu benshi babizi. Dore zimwe muri zo aho imiterere yazo ari ingenzi.

Abashyiraho inyuguti

Muri encoders za rukuruzi, rukuruzi z'impeta ni zo zihindura ingendo yo kuzenguruka mu bimenyetso bya digitale. Ubusanzwe, rukuruzi ikoreshwa na rukuruzi hakoreshejwe pole pairs nyinshi, kandi sensor ipima ihindagurika uko rukuruzi ruzenguruka.

Ikibazo hano ni uburyo magnetization ikora neza. Iyo inkingi zidashyizwe ku murongo ungana, ubushobozi bwo gukosora imiterere yazo buragabanuka. Ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukoresha magnetization ikora neza cyane, ureba ibikoresho bya magnetization byihariye—ntabwo ari ahantu hasanzwe.

Sisitemu zo kwikora

Mu mirongo ikora mu buryo bwikora, magneti zikoresha uruziga zikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gusubiza aho ibintu biri, mu ngingo za roboti, ndetse no mu buryo bwo kwirinda magneti. Ibi bidukikije ntibibabarira. Kunyeganyega, ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe, n'imbaraga za magneti zituruka ku bikoresho biri hafi aho byose bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere.

Twagize abakiriya bahinduranya ibyuma bisanzwe bikoresha ingufu nyinshi kugira ngo bakomeze gukora neza hafi y’ibikoresho byo gusudira. Ni kimwe mu bintu bitagaragara mu cyiciro cy’igerageza ariko biba ingenzi cyane.

Iyo hakenewe ibisabwa byoroshye ku gice cy'imbere cy'umurongo,gukoresha magneti y'uruzigazikoreshwa kenshi, cyane cyane mu byuma bito bipima aho imiterere y'impeta idakenewe.

Ibisobanuro by'ingenzi

Iyo tuvuze ku byerekeye uruziga rw'impeta ku byuma bipima, ingano eshatu ni ingenzi kurusha izindi.

OD / ID / ubunini

Umurambararo w'inyuma ugena ingano y'ibikoresho bya rukuruzi ufite. Umurambararo w'imbere ugira ingaruka ku buryo rukuruzi ifata ku giti. Kandi ubugari bugira ingaruka ku mbaraga z'umurima ku ntera yo kubona sensor.

Aho ibintu bigora ni tolerances. Magnet y'impeta iri kuri ID ntabwo yicara neza ku giti. Iyo irekuye, uhita ushira. Iyo ifunze cyane, ushobora gucikamo magnets mu gihe cyo guteranya. Ubusanzwe dushyiraho tolerances kugeza kuri ± 0.05mm kugira ngo tumenye neza uko ikoreshwa, kandi tugenzura ingero dukoresheje calipers mbere yo kwemeza ko ikorwa.

Guteza imbere amashanyarazi

Aha niho imbaraga nyinshi z'ubuhanga zishyirwa.

Inguni zikoresha impeta zishobora gukoreshwa nk'inguni zikoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo butandukanye:
- Axial: inkingi ku buso burambuye
- Icyerekezo cy'umurambararo: Amajyaruguru-Amajyepfo unyuze mu murambararo
-Impande nyinshi: inkingi zisimburana zikikije uruziga

Ku bashyiraho amajwi (encoders), gukoresha ingufu nyinshi ni ikintu gisanzwe. Ariko umubare w'inkingi ugomba guhuza n'ubushobozi bwa sensor. Impeta y'inkingi 32 ntizakorana na sensor itegereje impinduka 16 kuri buri revolution keretse uhinduye imikorere ya firmware cyangwa signal conditioning.

Twabonye kandi imishinga yatinze kubera ko icyerekezo cya magnetization cyari kitajyanye neza n'icyerekezo cya sensor. Ni ibintu byoroshye, ariko biroroshye kubura iyo bibanda ku bipimo n'imbaraga zo gukurura.

 

Ibigomba kwitabwaho mu nganda

Gutumiza magneti z'impeta ku masensa ni umukino utandukanye no gushaka magneti zo gufata mu iduka. Kwihanganira amakosa ni bike cyane, kandi ikiguzi cyo gutsindwa gikunze kuba kinini cyane.

Ishusho ifite imiterere nyayo y'akazi

Buri gihe tubasaba gupima ingero za rukuruzi mu cyumba cy’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, hamwe n’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga byanditseho. Ingufu ya rukuruzi ikora neza ku ntebe ishobora kwitwara mu buryo butandukanye iyo imaze gushyirwa hafi y’ibyuma bishyiraho insinga z’amashanyarazi cyangwa ibyuma.

Garagaza neza imiterere y'ingufu za rukuruzi

Igishushanyo cy’ingano ntigihagije. Ugomba gusobanura umubare w’inkingi, icyerekezo cy’inkingi, n’ikosa ryemewe ry’inguni. Niba ibi bitaranditswe, uba usize umwanya wo kubisobanura—kandi niho habera kutumvikana.

Tekereza ubushyuhe hakiri kare

Ingufu zisanzwe zikoresha impeta muri rusange zijya kuri N35SH cyangwa izindi ngero zisa nazo z’ubushyuhe bwinshi iyo ibidukikije birengeje dogere selisiyusi 80. Iyo sensor yawe ishyizwe hafi ya moteri cyangwa mu gice cy’inyuma cya moteri, N42 yari ihagije mu gushushanya ishobora kwangirika bitewe n’umuvuduko wo gukora.

Baza ibibazo bikwiye

Umucuruzi mwiza w’amakuru azakubaza ubwoko bw’amakuru yawe, uburyo bwo kuyashyiraho, n’aho akorera. Niba atabikoze, ibyo ni ikimenyetso cy’umutuku. Hari abakora batubwiye bati “ni amakuru y’impeta gusa” kugeza ubwo twanyuze muri porogaramu maze tugasanga bakeneye amakuru y’impeta nyinshi afite ubuziranenge bwa dogere ± 2.

 

Ibintu bike byo kwitondera

Gufata no kubika
Ingufu zikora nk'impeta—cyane cyane uburebure bunini—zishobora kuba zikomeye mu buryo butangaje. Twabonye zihurira hamwe ziri kure ya metero nyinshi, zikangiza ingufu ndetse n'undi wese uri hafi aho. Ku bijyanye n'ingano y'umusaruro, ni byiza gutegura uburyo zizafatwa n'izikoreshwa nyuma yo guteranywa.

Amahitamo yo gusiga
Gushyiramo nikeli ni amahitamo asanzwe, ariko niba icyuma cyawe cy’imashini gihura n’ubushuhe, umunyu upfundikiye, cyangwa imiti isukura, ushobora gukenera epoxy cyangwa irangi rya rubber. Twabimenye nyuma yo gusimbuza igice cyangiritse—amezi atandatu gusa tugikoresha mu buryo bwikora hanze.

Guteranya ingufu za rukuruzi nyuma yo guteranya
Ku mpeta nyinshi, rimwe na rimwe biba byiza gukoresha magneti nyuma yuko magneti ishyizwe mu gice cyo guteranya. Ibi birinda ibibazo byo guhuza mu gihe cyo kohereza kandi bigatuma inkingi ziba aho zigomba kuba zigeze ugereranyije n'icyuma gipima.

 

Ibitekerezo bya nyuma

Ingufu zikoresha impeta ni igice gito cy’itsinda ry’ingufu zikoresha sensor, ariko si ikintu cy’ingenzi. Itandukaniro riri hagati y’ingufu zikoresha sensor zikora neza n’izikora nabi mu kazi akenshi riterwa n’uburyo magneti yagenwe neza—ndetse niba inzira yo kuyikora yaratanze ibyo yagenewe koko.

Niba ushaka umusaruro, fata umwanya wo gusuzuma imiterere ya magnetization, urebe ingano, kandi uhuze urwego rwa magnetism n'aho ukorera. Imbaraga z'ibanze zigira umusaruro ku nshuro ya mbere wohereje itsinda ridafite ikibazo mu kibuga.