Ifite uruhande rumwe cyangwa uruhande rubiri cyangwa uruhande rumwe: Ni iki cyiza kurusha ibindi?

Reka duce inyuma:Ku bijyanye na rukuruzi za neodymium, ingano imwe (cyangwa imiterere) NTABWO ikwiranye na zose. Namaze imyaka myinshi mfasha amaduka, abakora, n'abakunda ibintu bitandukanye guhitamo rukuruzi ikwiye akazi—gusa nkabareba bapfusha ubusa amafaranga ku mahitamo "abengerana cyane" aho kuba ayo mu by'ukuri akora. Uyu munsi, turimo gusenya ubwoko butatu buzwi: bumwe ku ruhande rumwe, ubw'impande ebyiri (yego, burimo rukuruzi za neodymium ku ruhande rumwe), na rukuruzi 2 kuri 1. Amaherezo, uzamenya neza iyo ukwiye umwanya mu bikoresho byawe.

Ubwa mbere, reka dusobanukirwe neza buri buryo

Mbere yo kwinjira mu kiganiro "ni ikihe cyiza kurusha ibindi", reka turebe ko twese turi ku murongo umwe. Nta mvugo isobanutse neza—vuga gusa icyo buri kurubu ikora, n'impamvu ari ingenzi.

Magnets zo mu ruhande rumwe: Iby'ibanze ku ifarashi

Ingufu za rukuruzi zo ku ruhande rumwe ni zo zumvikana neza: imbaraga zazo zose za rukuruzi ziba ku buso bumwe bw'ibanze, izindi mpande (n'inyuma) zigenewe kugira imbaraga nke zo gukurura. Tekereza ku gikoresho cyawe gisanzwe cyo gukoresha rukuruzi cyangwa rukuruzi yo muri frigo (nubwo rukuruzi za rukuruzi zo ku ruhande rumwe zo mu nganda zikora cyane). Akenshi zihuzwa n'icyuma gikingira kidakoresha rukuruzi kugira ngo gishyire imbaraga ku ruhande rw'akazi, bikarinda gukururwa n'icyuma kiri hafi aho.

Hari umukiriya wigeze gukoresha magnets zo ku ruhande rumwe mu gufata amabati y'icyuma mu gihe cyo gusudira. Mbere na mbere, binubiye "intege nke" - kugeza ubwo twabonye ko babishyiraga inyuma, bakoresheje uruhande rudakoresha magnets. Isomo ni irihe? Magnets zo ku ruhande rumwe zoroshye, ariko ugomba kubahiriza imiterere yazo y'icyerekezo kimwe.

Magneti ya Neodymium ifite impande ebyiri: Ihindagurika ry'Ubuso Bubiri

Noneho, reka tuvuge kuri magneti za neodymium zifite impande ebyiri—intwari idakoreshwa mu bikorwa bisaba imikoranire ya magneti ku mpande ebyiri. Izi magneti za NdFeB zihariye zakozwe kugira ngo zikurure cyangwa zitere imbaraga ku buso bubiri bwagenwe, mu gihe zigabanya amazi ku mpande (akenshi hamwe n’ibintu bidafite magneti ku mpande). Bitandukanye na magneti zifite impande imwe, ntiziguhatira guhitamo “imbere” cyangwa “inyuma”—zikora ku mpande zombi.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi: inkingi ihanganye (amajyaruguru ku ruhande rumwe, amajyepfo ku rundi) yo gufatanya ibice bibiri by'icyuma, n'inkingi imwe (amajyaruguru-amajyaruguru cyangwa amajyepfo-amajyepfo) yo gukurura ibintu nko gukurura cyangwa gufunga. Nasabye magneti za neodymium zifite impande ebyiri zifatanye ku muntu upakiye ibikoresho umwaka ushize—basimbuje kole n'ibikoresho byo gufunga amasanduku y'impano, bagabanya igihe cyo guteranya ho 30% kandi bigatuma amasanduku ashobora kongera gukoreshwa. Utsinze.

Inama y'ingirakamaro: Magnets za neodymium zifite impande ebyiri zigumana inyungu zose z'ingenzi za NdFeB—ibicuruzwa bifite ingufu nyinshi, imbaraga zikomeye, n'ingano nto—ariko imiterere yazo ifite inkingi ebyiri ituma zitaba ingirakamaro mu mirimo yo ku buso bumwe. Ntukarenze urugero uzikoresha aho magnets ifite impande imwe ikora.

Magnets 2 kuri 1: Umuhigo w'Ihuriro ry'Ihuriro

Magnet 2 kuri 1 (zitwa kandi magnet zihinduranya) ni chameleons zo mu itsinda. Zigufasha guhinduranya hagati y’imikorere y’uruhande rumwe n’uruhande rubiri, akenshi zifite agakingirizo cyangwa slider katagendanwa kadakoresha magnetique. Kanda garnet mu ruhande rumwe, kandi uruhande rumwe nirwo rukora; kanda garnet mu rundi, maze impande zombi zigakora. Zicuruzwa nk'ibisubizo "byose muri kimwe", ariko nasanze ari ubucuruzi - ubona ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye, ariko ugatakaza imbaraga nke ugereranije n’amahitamo yihariye y’uruhande rumwe cyangwa uruhande rubiri.

Umukiriya w’ubwubatsi yagerageje gukoresha magnets 2 kuri 1 kugira ngo ashyireho ibimenyetso by’agateganyo. Bakoreye ibimenyetso byo mu nzu, ariko iyo byahuraga n’umuyaga n’ihindagurika, icyuma gitereka cyarahindukaga, kigahagarika uruhande rumwe. Kugira ngo magnets zikoreshwe mu buryo buhamye kandi burambye, ziracyatsinda—ariko magnets 2 kuri 1 zirabagirana mu mirimo yihuse kandi ihindagurika.

Imbonankubone: Ni ikihe gikwiye kuri wewe?

Reka turebe ibintu by'ingenzi by'ingenzi—ingufu zo gukurura, ubushobozi bwo gukoresha, ikiguzi, n'imikorere nyayo—kugira ngo ureke gukeka.

Imbaraga zo Gukurura no Gukora neza

Magnetike zo ku ruhande rumwe zitsindira imbaraga z’ibanze ku buso bumwe. Kubera ko flux yose yerekeza ku buso bumwe, zitanga imbaraga nyinshi kuri santimetero kibe kuruta 2 kuri 1, kandi akenshi zirusha magnettike zo ku ruhande rumwe zo ku ruhande rumwe mu mirimo y’icyerekezo kimwe. Magnetike zo ku ruhande rumwe zo ku ruhande rumwe zigabanya flux hagati y’ubuso bubiri, bityo imbaraga zazo ku ruhande rumwe ziba nke—ariko ntabwo zitsindwa iyo ukeneye ibikorwa bibiri. 2 kuri 1 ni zo zidakomeye muri eshatu, kuko uburyo bwo kurinda bwongera ubunini kandi bukagabanya ubucucike bw’flux.

Uburyo bwo gukoresha no guhuza porogaramu

Iruhande rumwe: Ni nziza cyane ku bikoresho byo gushyiraho, ibyapa, cyangwa ibice aho ukeneye gukurura ubuso bumwe gusa. Ni nziza cyane mu gusudira, gukora imbaho, cyangwa mu maduka y'imodoka—ahantu hose gukurura ku ruhande rutari urwitezwe birabangamira.

Neodymium ifite impande ebyiri: Ni nziza cyane mu gupakira (gufunga ibintu hakoreshejwe magnetique), ibice by'ikoranabuhanga (micro-sensors, moteri nto), cyangwa imirimo yo guteranya ibintu igomba guhuza ibice bibiri by'icyuma nta bifunga. Ni amahitamo meza ku bikoresho byo mu rugo nk'ibifunga inzugi bya magnetique cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu bwiherero.

2 kuri 1: Ni byiza ku bakunda ibintu byo kwidagadura, abakozi batwara abantu n'ibintu, cyangwa imirimo idasaba imbaraga nyinshi aho ukeneye koroherwa. Tekereza ku bikorwa by'ubucuruzi (guhinduranya hagati yo gushyiramo ibyapa ku ruhande rumwe n'aho bashyira ecran ku mpande ebyiri) cyangwa imishinga ya DIY ifite ibyo ukeneye bitandukanye.

Ikiguzi n'Iramba

Magneti zo ku ruhande rumwe ni zo zihendutse cyane—igishushanyo cyoroshye, zihendutse mu gukora. Magneti zo ku ruhande rumwe zihenze cyane zigura 15-30% by’inyongera bitewe n’uko zikoresha neza magneti n’ibikoresho bya substrate, ariko zirakwiye gukoreshwa mu buryo bwihariye. Magneti 2 kuri 1 ni zo zihenze cyane, bitewe n’ibice byazo bigenda—kandi ibyo bice bikunze kwangirika uko igihe kigenda, cyane cyane ahantu habi (urugero nk’ubushuhe, ivumbi, cyangwa ubushyuhe bukabije).

Ibuka: Ubushyuhe ni ikintu cyica bucece kuri magneti zose za neodymium. Magnetti zisanzwe za neodymium zifite impande ebyiri zifata ubushyuhe bugera kuri 80°C (176°F); niba uzikoresha hafi y’aho gusudira cyangwa aho moteri zihagarara, zikoreshwe mu buryo bwa "spring" kugira ngo zigire ubushyuhe bwinshi. Magnetti zifite impande imwe zifite ubushyuhe bungana, mu gihe 2 kuri 1 zishobora kwangirika vuba mu bushyuhe bitewe n’ibice byazo bya pulasitiki.

Umwanzuro: Reka gukurikirana "Ibyiza" — Hitamo Igikwiye

Nta "ntsinzi" rusange ihari hano—ni ugukurura gusa akazi kawe. Reka tworoshye:

Hitamo iy'uruhande rumwe niba ukeneye imbaraga nyinshi z'ubuso bumwe kandi ukirinda gukurura uruhande. Niyo mahitamo meza ku maduka menshi y'inganda.

Hitamo neodymium ifite impande ebyiri niba ukeneye imikoranire y’ubuso bubiri (gufata ibice bibiri hamwe, kwirukana, cyangwa gukora ibintu bibiri bito). Bihindura umukino mu gupakira, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, n’ibikoresho byo mu rugo bigezweho.

Hitamo 2 kuri 1 gusa niba ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibintu bitandukanye budashobora kuganirwaho, kandi ukaba witeguye guhara imbaraga no kuramba. Ni igikoresho cy'umwihariko, ntabwo ari cyo gisimbura rukuruzi zabugenewe.

Inama za nyuma z'abahanga (Zivuye mu masomo akomeye)

1. Isuzuma mbere yo gutumiza ibintu byinshi. Nigeze kwemeza ko imashini za neodymium zifite impande ebyiri zikora imyitozo ngororamubiri zingana na 5.000 zitari mu bubiko bw'umukiriya butose—imyambaro yangiritse yangije 20% by'imashini. Imashini ya epoxy irusha imashini ya nickel mu bidukikije bikomeye.

2. Ntukarenze urugero. Ingufu za N52 zifite impande ebyiri za neodymium zisa neza cyane, ariko zirapfa. Ku bikorwa byinshi, N42 irakomeye (mu bikorwa) kandi iramba.

3. Mbere na mbere umutekano. Magnets zose za neodymium zirakomeye—izifite impande ebyiri zishobora gukanda intoki cyangwa guhanagura amakarita y'umutekano kure y'ibirenge. Zibike kure y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga kandi ukoreshe uturindantoki mu gihe cyo kuzikoresha.

Mu by’ukuri, guhitamo neza gukurikiza ihame rya "form ikurikira imikorere." Reka ikoreshwa ryawe rigenwe niba magneti ya neodymium ifite uruhande rumwe, uruhande rubiri, cyangwa iy’ubwoko bwa hybrid 2-in-1 ari yo nziza kurusha izindi—intego ni ukugera ku musaruro wifuza kandi wizewe nta guhindagurika.