Uthelekiso Lokusebenza Phakathi KweeMagneti Zetshaneli zeNeodymium kunye Nezinye Iintlobo ZeMagneti

"Iqhawe Eliphezulu" leeMagnets: Kutheni iArc NdFeBIimagnethi zeTshaneliUnamandla Kangaka?

Molo nonke! Namhlanje, masithethe ngeemagnethi - ezi zinto zincinci ezibonakala ziqhelekile kodwa zinomtsalane. Ubusazi? Umahluko phakathi kweemagnethi ezahlukeneyo mkhulu njengalowo uphakathi kweefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neeselfowuni ezisisiseko! Ingakumbi iimagnethi zeNdFeB (Neodymium Iron Boron) ebezithandwa kutshanje - ngokuyintloko ziyi "Iron Man" yehlabathi lemagnethi. Ngoko ke zimangalisa kangakanani kanye kanye? Yintoni ebenza bahluke kwezinye iimagnethi? Musa ukukhathazeka, siza kuchaza yonke into inyathelo ngenyathelo.

 

1. Dibana nosapho lukaMagnet

Okokuqala, makhe sazise "iintsapho ezine ezinkulu" zeemagnethi:

Iimagnethi zeNdFeB - "Iimpumelelo eziphezulu" zeemagnethi

Okwangoku ziimagnethi ezihlala ziqinileyo emhlabeni

Yenziwe nge-neodymium, isinyithi, kunye ne-boron

Njengabakhi bomzimba beemagnethi - bomelele kakhulu kodwa bunovakalelo oluncinci kubushushu

Iimagnethi zeFerrite - "Amahashe okusebenza"

 

Eyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu

Yenziwe ngeekhompawundi ze-iron oxide kunye ne-strontium/barium

Ukumelana nokugqwala okugqwesileyo kodwa amandla anamandla abuthathaka kakhulu

Iimagnethi ze-AlNiCo - "Amajoni anamava"

Enye yezona zinto zidala zemagnethi ezihlala zihleli

Uzinzo olubalaseleyo lobushushu

Njengabadlali abasoloko beluhlaza abanezakhono ezinamandla zokulwa noxinzelelo lwemagnethi

Iimagnethi zeSmCo - "Iingcali ezibalaseleyo"

 

Enye imagnethi yomhlaba ongaqhelekanga esebenza kakhulu

Ayinabushushu kwaye ayidli mhlwa

Ixabiso liphezulu kuneNdFeB, ilungiselela usetyenziso oluphezulu

 

2. Amandla Aphezulu eeMagnets zeNdFeB Channel

 

Kutheni bebizwa ngokuba yi "Iron Man"? Kuba banezakhono ezimangalisayo:

 

Amandla eMagnetic angenakuthelekiswa nanto

Amandla aphindwe kalishumi kuneemagnethi zeferrite! (Khawucinge ngomntu ophakamisa iintsimbi xa kuthelekiswa nomfundi wesikolo samabanga aphantsi)

Ukubuyela umva kufikelela kwi-1.0-1.4 Tesla (iimagnethi eziqhelekileyo zifikelela kwi-0.2-0.4 kuphela)

Amandla amahle kakhulu okulwa nokususwa kwemagnethi, njenge-cockroach engonakaliswa

 

Uyilo lweSiteshi esinobuchule

Uyilo lweGroove luvumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwentsimi yemagnethi, njengokunika imagnethi ukuhamba ngeGPS

Ulwakhiwo luzinzile ngakumbi, alunakwenzeka kangako ukuba "ziqhekeke"

Kulula ukuyifaka, njengokudibanisa iibhloko zeLego

 

UKumkani weNtsebenzo yeendleko

Nangona ixabiso leyunithi liphezulu kune-ferrite, inika ixabiso eliphantsi ngeyunithi nganye yemagnethi

Ifezekisa amandla ombane aqinileyo ngobukhulu obuncinci, igcina indawo kunye nemali

 

3Ukhetha nini "iSuperhero"?

 

Khetha iiMagnets zeNdFeB Channel xa:

Indawo incinci kodwa kufuneka amandla ombane aqinileyo (umz., ii-earbuds ezingenazingcingo, ii-motor ze-vibration zefowuni)

Kufuneka ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwentsimi yemagnethi (umz., izixhobo zonyango lwemagnethi, izinzwa)

Ukunyakaza rhoqo okubandakanyekayo (umz., ii-EV motors, ii-drone motors)

Uyilo olulula lubaluleke kakhulu (izixhobo ze-aerospace)

 

Khetha ezinye iimagnethi xa:

Iindawo ezishushu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwama-200°C)

Iimeko ezirhabaxa kakhulu (izixhobo zaselunxwemeni lolwandle)

Uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluncinci lwemveliso enkulu

Izixhobo ezibuthathaka kakhulu kutshintsho lobushushu

 

4Iingcebiso zokusebenzisa iiMagnets zeNdFeB

 

Banike "impahla":Ukwambathisa umphezulu (i-nickel, i-zinc, okanye i-epoxy) ukuthintela ukugqwala

"Banentliziyo yeglasi":Phatha ngononophelo ngexesha lokufakwa - ziyaqhekeka

Iyanyamezela ubushushu:Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokubangela "ukulahleka kwezihlunu" okungapheliyo (ukususwa kwemagnetization)

Isikhokelo sibalulekile: Kufuneka ifakwe umazibuthe ngokwendlela yoyilo

Phatha ngononophelo:Amandla emagnethi anamandla anokuchaphazela amakhadi etyala, iiwotshi; gcina kude nabasebenzisi be-pacemaker

 

5Liphethe Ntoni Ikamva?

 

Iinguqulelo eziqinileyo:Izazinzulu ziphuhlisa amanqanaba amatsha anamandla ngakumbi

Ayinakumelana nobushushu ngakumbi:Ukubenza bangaziva kakhulu xa kushushu kakhulu

Uyilo olukrelekrele ngakumbi:Ukusebenzisa iikhompyutha ukuphucula izakhiwo zetshaneli

Izisombululo eziluhlaza ngakumbiUkuphucula iteknoloji yokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezinto, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa komhlaba onqabileyo

Ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu: Ukunyusa imveliso ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko

 

Iingcinga Zokugqibela

Iimagnethi zetshaneli zeNdFeB zifana "neentshatsheli ezipheleleyo" zehlabathi lemagnethi, ukhetho lokuqala kwiisicelo ezininzi zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu. Kodwa azinamandla onke - njengokuba ubungayi kusebenzisa imoto yezemidlalo ukuhambisa iimpahla, into ephambili kukukhetha isixhobo esifanelekileyo somsebenzi.