Ziziphi Izinto Ezihlukeneyo ZeMagnetic?

Imagnetism, amandla asisiseko endalo, ibonakaliswa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, nganye ineempawu zayo ezikhethekileyo kunyeizicelo ze-magentUkuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezitsala umdla kubalulekile kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka ifiziksi, ubunjineli, kunye netekhnoloji. Masingene kwihlabathi elinomtsalane lezinto ezitsala umdla kwaye sihlolisise iimpawu zazo, ukuhlelwa kwazo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo.

1. Izixhobo zeFerromagnetic:

Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic zibonakala ziqinile kwayei-magnetization esisigxina, nokuba akukho mandla emagnethi angaphandle. I-iron, i-nickel, kunye ne-cobalt ziyimizekelo eqhelekileyo yezinto ze-ferromagnetic. Ezi zinto zineempawu zemagnethi ezizenzekelayo ezihambelana kwicala elinye, zidala amandla emagnethi aqinileyo ngokubanzi. Izinto ze-Ferromagnetic zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezifana nezixhobo zokugcina imagnethi, iimoto zombane, kunye nee-transformers ngenxa yeempawu zazo zemagnethi eziqinileyo.

2. Izixhobo zeParamagnetic:

Izinto zeparamagnetic zitsaleleka kancinci kwiintsimi zemagnethi kwaye zibonisa imagnethi yexeshana xa zibekwe kwiindawo ezinjalo. Ngokungafaniyo nezinto zeferromagnetic, izinto zeparamagnetic azigcini imagnethi xa intsimi yangaphandle isusiwe. Izinto ezifana ne-aluminium, iplatinum, kunye neoksijini zi-paramagnetic ngenxa yokubakho kwee-electron ezingadibaniyo, ezihambelana nentsimi yemagnethi yangaphandle kodwa zibuyela kwiindawo ezingacwangciswanga xa intsimi isusiwe. Izinto zeparamagnetic zifumana usetyenziso kwiimashini ze-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), apho impendulo yazo ebuthathaka kwiintsimi zemagnethi iluncedo.

3. Izixhobo zeDayamagnethi:

Izinto ze-diamagnetic, ngokungafaniyo nezinto ze-ferromagnetic kunye ne-paramagnetic, ziyagxothwa zii-magnetic fields. Xa zibekwe kwindawo ye-magnetic, izinto ze-diamagnetic zivelisa indawo ye-magnetic ebuthathaka echaseneyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zityhalelwe kude nomthombo wendawo. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yezinto ze-diamagnetic ibandakanya ubhedu, i-bismuth, kunye namanzi. Nangona isiphumo se-diamagnetic sibuthathaka xa sithelekiswa ne-ferromagnetism kunye ne-paramagnetism, sineempembelelo ezibalulekileyo kwiinkalo ezifana nesayensi yezinto kunye netekhnoloji ye-levitation.

4. Izixhobo zeFerrimagnetic:

Izinto zeFerrimagnetic zibonisa ukuziphatha kwemagnethi okufana nezinto zeFerrimagnetic kodwa zineempawu zemagnethi ezahlukileyo. Kwizinto zeFerrimagnetic, ii-sublattices ezimbini ze-magnetic moments zihambelana kwicala elichaseneyo, nto leyo ebangela i-net magnetic moment. Olu lwakhiwo lubangela i-magnetization esisigxina, nangona idla ngokuba buthathaka kunezo ze-ferromagnetic. IiFerrites, udidi lwezinto ze-ceramic eziqulethe ii-iron oxide compounds, ziyimizekelo ephawulekayo yezinto zeFerrimagnetic. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki, zonxibelelwano, kunye ne-microwave ngenxa yeempawu zazo zemagnethi nezombane.

5. Izixhobo ze-Antiferromagnetic:

Izinto ezichasene ne-ferromagnetic zibonisa ulungelelwaniso lwe-magnetic apho amaxesha e-magnetic akufutshane ahambelana ne-antiparallel enye kwenye, nto leyo ebangela ukucinywa komzuzu we-magnetic iyonke. Ngenxa yoko, izinto ezichasene ne-ferromagnetic azibonisi i-macroscopic magnetization. I-Manganese oxide kunye ne-chromium ziyimizekelo yezinto ezichasene ne-ferromagnetic. Nangona zisenokungafumani zicelo ngqo kubuchwepheshe be-magnetic, izinto ezichasene ne-ferromagnetic zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuphando olusisiseko kunye nophuhliso lwe-spintronics, isebe le-elektroniki elisebenzisa ukujikeleza kwee-electron.