Imagnethi ye-Neodymium iwuhlobo lwezinto ezisebenza kahle kazibuthe ezinomphela, ezakhiwa i-neodymium, insimbi, i-boron nezinye izakhi.Unozibuthe oqinile futhi okwamanje ungenye yezinto zikazibuthe ezinamandla kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ukuthengisa.Uzibuthe we-Neodymium unamandla kazibuthe aphezulu kakhulu namandla kazibuthe amahle kakhulu kanye nomkhiqizo wamandla kazibuthe.Ngakho-ke, isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi, okuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ama-motor kagesi, izinzwa, odonsa, njll.Uzibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe uvela esakhiweni se-lattice nokuqondanisa kwe-athomu.Isakhiwo se-lattice sikazibuthe we-Neodymium si-ode kakhulu futhi singokwesistimu ye-crystal ye-Tetragonal.Ama-athomu ahlelwa ngendlela evamile ku-lattice, futhi izikhathi zawo kazibuthe zihlala zingashintshi, nokusebenzelana okunamandla phakathi kwawo.Lokhu kuhlelwa oku-odwe nokusebenzisana kwenza uzibuthe we-Neodymium ube nezakhiwo eziqinile kazibuthe.I-magnetism ye-Neodymium kazibuthe ingashintshwa futhi ithuthukiswe ngezinqubo ezahlukene zokulungiselela nezindlela zokucubungula.Ngokwesibonelo,Ozibuthe baseChina neodymiumingenziwa odonsa abanezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokusebenzisa inqubo ye-powder metallurgy.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyathelo ezinjengokwelashwa kokushisa, ukwelashwa kwe-magnetization, kanye ne-coating nazo zingathathwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zayo kazibuthe nokuzinza.Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izakhiwo kazibuthe ze-Neodymium magnet zizoncishiswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Izinga lokushisa kazibuthe elibalulekile likazibuthe we-Neodymium ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-200-300 ℃.Uma izinga lokushisa leqiwe, amandla kazibuthe kanye namandla kazibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe azoba buthakathaka kancane kancane, noma alahlekelwe ngokuphelele uzibuthe wawo.Ngakho-ke, ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinga lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza ngokusho kwezinga lokushisa elibalulekile lamagnetic lezinto ezisetshenziswayo zikazibuthe ze-Neodymium.

Ⅰ.Izakhiwo kazibuthe zikazibuthe we-Neodymium kanye nomgomo wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa

A. Izici eziyisisekelo zikazibuthe ze-Neodymium uzibuthe: Imagnethi ye-Neodymium iwuhlobo lwezinto ezingavamile zikazibuthe zomhlaba ezinezakhiwo eziqinile kazibuthe.Inezici zomkhiqizo wamandla kazibuthe aphezulu, i-remanence ephezulu kanye ne-Coercivity ephezulu.Amandla kazibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe ngokuvamile aphakeme kunalawo wezibuthe ze-ferrite ne-aluminium nickel cobalt.Lokhu kwenza uzibuthe we-Neodymium usetshenziswe kabanzi ezinhlelweni eziningi, njengezinjini, izinzwa kanye nozibuthe.

B. Ubudlelwano phakathi kokuqondanisa kwe-athomu nesikhathi kazibuthe:uzibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe ubonakala ngokusebenzisana komzuzu kazibuthe we-athomu.Umzuzu kazibuthe we-athomu wakhiwe yi-spin yama-electron kanye nomzuzu kazibuthe we-orbital.Lapho la ma-athomu ehlelwe ku-lattice, ukusebenzisana kwawo komzuzu kazibuthe kuholela esizukulwaneni sikazibuthe.Kuzibuthe we-Neodymium, umzuzu kazibuthe we-athomu ikakhulukazi uvela kuma-ion ayisikhombisa e-neodymium angabhanqiwe, ama-spins awo asendleleni efanayo ne-orbital magnetic moment.Ngale ndlela, insimu enamandla kazibuthe ikhiqizwa, okuholela kumagnetism eqinile ye-Neodymium magnet.

C. Umthelela wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ekuqondaneni kwe-athomu: Ukuhlelwa nokusebenzisana kwama-athomu ku-lattice kunqunywa izinga lokushisa.Ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa, ukunyakaza kwe-Thermal kwama-athomu kuyanda, futhi ukusebenzisana phakathi kwama-athomu kuba buthaka ngokuqhathaniswa, okuholela ekungazinzini kokuhlelwa okuhlelekile kwama-athomu.Lokhu kuzothinta ukuqondana kwe-athomu kukazibuthe we-Neodymium, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte izici zayo kazibuthe.Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ukunyakaza kwe-Thermal kwama-athomu kuba namandla kakhulu, futhi ukusebenzisana phakathi kwama-athomu kuba buthaka, okuholela ekubeni buthaka kwamandla kazibuthe namandla kazibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe.

D. Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile kazibuthe likazibuthe we-Neodymium:Izinga lokushisa kazibuthe elibalulekile likazibuthe we-Neodymium libhekisela emazingeni okushisa lapho uzibuthe we-Neodymium elahlekelwa uzibuthe wawo ekushiseni okuphezulu.Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa elibucayi kazibuthe le-Neodymium uzibuthe lingaba ngu-200-300 ℃.Uma izinga lokushisa lidlula izinga lokushisa kazibuthe elibalulekile, ukuqondanisa kwe-athomu kukazibuthe we-Neodymium kuyabhujiswa, futhi isiqondiso sesikhathi sikazibuthe sisatshalaliswa ngokungahleliwe, okuholela ekulahlekelweni buthaka noma ngisho nokulahlekelwa okuphelele kwamandla kazibuthe.Ngakho-ke, ekusetshenzisweni, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-Neodymium magnet ukuze kugcinwe izakhiwo ezizinzile zamagnetic.

Ⅱ.Ithonya lokushisa kukazibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe

A. Umthelela wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kumagnetization kazibuthe we-Neodymium:ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kuzothinta uzibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe.Ngokuvamile, ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa, i-magnetization ye-Neodymium magnet izokwehla futhi ijika lamagnetization lizoba flat.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lizokwenza ukuthi isizinda kazibuthe esikuzibuthe we-Neodymium sibe esingajwayelekile, okuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kazibuthe kweuzibuthe we-neodymium disc encane.

B. Umthelela wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ku-Coercivity of Neodymium magnet: Ukuphoqeleka kubhekisela ekutheni amandla kazibuthe asetshenziswayo afinyelela inani elibalulekile le-magnetization ephelele kazibuthe ngesikhathi sokudonsa.Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kuzothinta i-Coercivity of Neodymium magnet.Ngokuvamile, ekushiseni okuphezulu, i-Coercivity of Neodymium magnet izokwehla, kuyilapho ekushiseni okuphansi, i-Coercivity izokhula.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga okushisa aphezulu angakhuphula ukuvuthwa okushisayo kwezizinda kazibuthe, okudinga insimu encane kazibuthe ukuze wenze uzibuthe wonke.

C. Umthelela wokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ekuncipheni isikhashana kanye nokuphinda kusebenze uzibuthe we-Neodymium: i- moment damping isho izinga lokuncisha umzuzu kazibuthe ngesikhathi uzibuthe, futhi i-remanence ibhekisela ezingeni likazibuthe i-Neodymium umazibuthe asenalo ngaphansi komphumela we-demagnetization.Ukushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kuzothinta umzuzu wokuwohloka kanye nokusebenza kabusha kukazibuthe we-Neodymium.Ngokuvamile, ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuzoholela ekwandeni komzuzu wokuncibilika kozibuthe be-neodymium, okwenza inqubo yokuzibuthe isheshe kakhulu.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kuzophinde kunciphise ukuqina kwe-Neodymium magnet, okwenza kube lula ukulahlekelwa i-magnetization ngaphansi kwesenzo se-demagnetization.

Ⅲ.Isicelo nokulawula ukulahleka kazibuthe Neodymium

A. Umkhawulo wezinga lokushisa wokusetshenziswa uzibuthe we-Neodymium: izakhiwo kazibuthe ze-Neodymium uzibuthe zizothinteka ngokushisa okuphezulu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-Neodymium uzibuthe ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo.Ngokuvamile, izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo likazibuthe we-Neodymium kufanele libe ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibalulekile kazibuthe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kokusebenza kazibuthe.Umkhawulo wokushisa othize wokusebenza uzohluka ngokuya ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene kanye nezinto ezithile.Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukusebenzisa uzibuthe we-Neodymium ngaphansi kuka-100-150 ℃.

B. Ukucatshangelwa kwezinga lokushisa kumandla kazibuthe ekwakhiweni kukazibuthe: Lapho uklama odonsa, ithonya lokushisa kumandla kazibuthe kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe.Ukushisa okuphezulu kuzonciphisa amandla kazibuthe we-Neodymium magnet, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukucabangela umthelela wokushisa okusebenzayo kwinqubo yokuklama.Indlela evamile ukukhetha izinto zikazibuthe ezinokuzinza okuhle kwezinga lokushisa, noma ukuthatha izinyathelo zokupholisa ukuze unciphise izinga lokushisa likazibuthe ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi lingakwazi ukugcina amandla kazibuthe anele ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.

C. Izindlela zokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa likazibuthe we-Neodymium: Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa likazibuthe we-Neodymium emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izindlela ezilandelayo zingathathwa:Ukwengeza izakhi zengxubevange: ukwengeza izakhi zengxubevange ezifana ne-aluminium ne-nickel ku-Neodymium uzibuthe kungathuthukisa ukumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.Ukwelashwa kokunamathela endaweni engaphezulu: ukwelashwa okukhethekile phezu kukazibuthe we-Neodymium, njenge-electroplating noma ukumboza ungqimba lwezinto eziyisivikelo, ingathuthukisa ukumelana kwayo nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.Ukulungiswa kwe-Magnet design optimization: ngokwenza kahle ukwakheka kanye nejometri zikazibuthe, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa nokulahlekelwa ukushisa kukazibuthe we-Neodymium amazinga okushisa aphezulu angancishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa.Izinyathelo zokupholisa:izinyathelo zokupholisa ezifanele, ezifana noketshezi olupholile noma ukupholisa abalandeli, kunganciphisa ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo le-Neodymium magnet futhi lithuthukise ukuzinza kwalo lokushisa.Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi nakuba izinga lokushisa ukuzinza kukazibuthe we-Neodymium kungathuthukiswa ngalezi zindlela ezingenhla, uzibuthe we-Neodymium uzibuthe ungase ulahleke ezindaweni zokushisa eziphakeme kakhulu uma izinga lokushisa elibucayi kazibuthe lidlula.Ngakho-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma izinyathelo zidinga ukucatshangelwa ukuze zihlangabezane nesidingo.

Ekuphetheni

Ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa kukazibuthe we-Neodymium kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe izakhiwo zawo kazibuthe kanye nemiphumela yohlelo lokusebenza.Lapho uklama futhi ukhetha uzibuthe we-Neodymium, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele izici zayo zokudonsa uzibuthe ebangeni elithile lokushisa futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezihambisanayo ukuze ugcine ukusebenza kwawo kuzinzile.Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukukhetha izinto ezifanele, ukusebenzisa imiklamo yokupakisha noma yokukhipha ukushisa ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela yokushisa, nokulawula izimo zemvelo zokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa.China neodymium disc uzibuthe ifektri, uma udinga le mikhiqizo, sicela usithinte ngaphandle kokungabaza.