Kei tua atu i te Pepa Whakatakotoranga: He Aratohu Kore-Whakaaro ki te Rapu i ngā Aukume NdFeB Ngāwari o Haina

Kia tīmata tātou: ki te hiahia tō hoahoa i tētahi rauemi e piri pūmau ana ki te konganuku āhua-pōturi—ahakoa he whakapaipai o roto o te motuka, he whakaaturanga hokohoko hihiri, he taputapu wheketere rānei—he maha ngā wā ka kore e taea te whakamahi i ngā whāriki aukume ngāwari kua oti kē te hanga.

Ko te penapena tūturu kei roto i te karo i te poka mutunga kore o te whakarewatanga kore angitu. Ko te ara pono anake ko te hinengaro ruarua, te whakamātautau whakahaere.

Te Huringa Kēmu: He aha te NdFeB Ngāwari i Pai ake ai i te Ferrite

Mō ngā tau maha, kotahi te tikanga o te "aukume ngāwari":ferrite. Ka mahi ēnei ranunga uku-matūriki-i-roto-i-te-rapa/vinyl mō ngā mahi pūmau, iti te kaha—pērā i te pupuri i tētahi pepa rere ki runga i te pouaka whakamātao. Engari kāore i hangaia mō te piri mata piko ngaio, ki te wāhi kāore e taea te rahunga.

I te taumata ngaio, ka whakauruhia e tēnei hangarau ngā matūriki neodymium hangarau (NdFeB) ki roto i ngā papa polymer ngāwari pērā i te PVC, i ngā elastomers motuhake rānei. Ka tukuna e tēnei tukanga he pikinga mahi, ehara i te mea he whakapainga iti noa iho. Ko tōna āhuatanga tino hira ko te kaha pupuri motuhake ka tutukihia e ia mirimita o te matotoru. I roto i ngā kupu mahi, ko te rīpene he 0.6mm te matotoru ka whakaatu i te kaha, te pumau ki runga i te mata maitai taratara, poutū—he āhuatanga e kore ai e piri te aukume ferrite 2mm noa. Mā tēnei pikinga mahi ka hoatu ki ngā kaihoahoa te herekoretanga ki te waihanga i ngā tono huatau, iti te kōtaha e mau tonu ana te pupuri i ngā āhua piko me te koretake.

Te Whakatere i te Whiriwhiringa: 5 Ngā Pātai Matua mō ngā Rauemi Ka Taea e Koe te Whakawhirinaki

Me tiro ngā āhuatanga kua whakarārangihia e te kaiwhakarato hei tīmatanga kōrero, kaua hei taurangi tuturu mō te mahi a te hua.

Mō tētahi kōwhiringa whai whakaaro nui, waiho kia taha ngā ihirangi whakatairanga kanapa, ka keri ki raro ki ēnei wāhanga aromatawai matua:

1. Me Whakamātautau, Kaua e Whakaaetia, te Kaha Aukume. Kāore he tikanga o ngā kupu koretake pēnei i te "tino kaha". Me whiwhi koe i ngā tiwhikete ine mata Gauss tūturu mō te matū me te matotoru e arotakehia ana e koe. Ka whakahaerehia ēnei whakamātautau e tētahi wheketere matatau i roto i te whare, ā, me whakarato i ngā pūrongo kua roa te wā. Ka kīia e tētahi whakaritenga whai tikanga tētahi mea pēnei: ​​Tiwhikete Puranga: 680-720 Papa mata Gauss matotoru 0.75mm. Kaua e mangere ki te pātai mō te auau whakamātautau me te tikanga puta noa i te rōra whakaputa—he kōrero nui tēnei mō tā rātou whakahaere tukanga.

2. Te Manawanui ki te Matotoru o te Arotake me te Tika o te Kaitatau Taipitopito. Ka tere te whakarārangi a ngā kaiwhakarato i te matotoru toharite—0.5mm, 1.0mm, me ētahi atu—engari ko te mea nui ko te awhe manawanui. I roto i te tautuhinga tahuri tere-teitei, he rerekētanga nui te manawanui o te ±0.12mm ki te whakataurite ki te tawhē iti o te ±0.04mm.

Ka raru pea ngā raina tapahi-mati aunoa, tapahi-kiss, me te whakapiripiri i te inenga koretake, ka mutu ka piri ngā mīhini, ka raru te piri, ka nui haere te para. I kitea tēnei e tētahi o ō mātou hoa mahi i te ara uaua i te wā i puta ai te toto piripiri koretake i roto i ngā wāhanga tapahi tika, ā, ka hiahiatia he mahi whakaora i muri i te whakaputanga.

3. Arotakehia te Pakari i tua atu i te Piko Māmā. He tino taketake te pātai mēnā he "ngāwari". E rua ngā raraunga motuhake e hiahiatia ana: te iti rawa o te radius piko hihiri haumaru (te pūmau o te takai mō te rokiroki me te kore e pakaru) me te mea nui, te kaha piri, te kaha kiri rānei i waenga i ngā paparanga. Ko te here i waenga i te matū aukume me tōna kiriata tautoko he wāhi pakaru noa, inā koa i raro i te ahotea wera, i te ahotea roa rānei. Mō te tono ki runga i te papa waka piko e pāngia ana e te rā me te wiri, kāore e taea te whiriwhiri i tēnei raraunga.

4. Te Kōwhiri i te Rauemi Tūāpapa mō ngā Āhuatanga o te Ao Tūturu

Ko te mea nui ko te ngāwari o tētahi rau aukume, ko tōna turanga matua o te pūhui pūhui, ā, me hangai te hanganga matū o tēnei turanga kia tu atu ai i ngā āhuatanga mahi ka pā ki te rauemi i roto i tōna huringa mahi.

He otinga ōhanga, he whānui hoki ngā mahi a ngā rau aukume i hangaia ki te PVC, e tuku ana i tētahi mata e hototahi ana ki te tānga me te pakari e hiahiatia ana mō ngā mahi o ia rā.

Ina pāngia te pepa e ngā āhuatanga uaua—pērā i te pānga ki ngā hinu whakahinuhinu ā-ahumahi, ngā toenga wahie, ngā momo hanganga whakarewa, te ozone, ngā awhe pāmahana tino kino rānei mai i te -40°C ki te 125°C—he mea tika kia whiriwhiria ngā rauemi uaua ake. Kei roto i tēnei kāwai ngā ranunga TPE me ngā matū rapa hangai, nā te mea ka mau tonu ngā taumata mahi pumau, ka roa ake te roa o te mahi a te hua.

Mō ngā whakamahinga tāutanga o waho, ko te whakarite kia whakaurua ngā whakaū UV kua whakamatautauria ki roto i te polymer me waiho hei kaupapa matua. Ehara tēnei i te āhuatanga whānui puta noa i ngā pepa aukume, engari he mea nui ki te karo i te pakaru, te whakapakeketanga o ngā rauemi, me te memeha o te tae i te whakamahinga roa. Kaua e whakaaro kua whakaurua noa iho; whakahuatia ō hiahia, ā, tirohia ki tō kaiwhakarato hei whakaū kei roto i te hua kua oti ngā whakaū UV.

5. Tirohia te Pūmau o te Raina Hanga. Ko te mea matua e wehewehe ana i ngā aukume ngāwari taumata-runga mai i ngā mea iti ake ko te tohatoha ōrite o te paura NdFeB puta noa i te anga polymer. Ko te marara kore ōrite ka puta he ngoikore ā-rohe, ka puta ai he mahi koretake puta noa i ngā wāhanga tapahi-mate mai i te puranga hanga kotahi. Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakamātautau taiwhanga i mua i te tuku mō tēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e koe te aromatawai i te pūkenga hangarau o te kaiwhakarato mā te ruku ki roto i ā rātou rerenga mahi whakaranu, whakaranu, me te maramataka. Ko te kaihanga ka taea te ārahi i a koe i roto i ngā mahi o ā rātou extruders takirua-whiu me ngā mira hurihuri tika, he mea whakatapua tonu ki te whakaputa hua kounga.

Te Rapunga mō te Hototahi o te Raina Whakaputa. Ko te rerekētanga nui i waenga i te aukume ngāwari kounga teitei me te aukume noa iho ko te ōritetanga o te tohatoha paura NdFeB i roto i te pūmua. Ko te marara ngoikore ka puta he ngoikore motuhake, ka hua ake he mahi koretake i waenga i ngā wāhanga tapahi-mate mai i te puranga kotahi. Ahakoa kāore e taea te whakamātautau taiwhanga i mua i te tukunga mō tēnei, ka taea e koe te ine i te pakeketanga hangarau o te kaiwhakarato mā te pātai mō ā rātou rerenga mahi whakaranu, whakaranu, me te maramataka. Ko te kaihanga e taea te whakaatu taipitopito i tā rātou whakatinanatanga o ngā extruders takirua-whiu me ngā mira hurihuri tika e aro nui ana ki te hanga kounga.

Whakamāramahia ngā hiahia o tō kaupapa—kāore he take ki te hanga rawa i tētahi matū kua whakaritea katoatia ina tutuki i te taumata paerewa kua whakarerekētia ō tumanakohanga katoa.

Hangaia he Hononga Mahi, Kaua e Tukuna he Ota Noa
Ko ngā hua pai rawa atu o te pūtake rauemi ko te whakamahi i ngā wheketere Hainamana hei rauemi hangarau mahi tahi—ehara i te mea ko ngā kaihoko anake:

Me tono he tau aukume tūturu, kaua ko te kōrero hokohoko. Kāore he hua o ngā kupu pēnei i te "mana teitei". Ko tāu e hiahia ana he pūrongo Gauss tānga mō te kounga me te matotoru o te rauemi e whakaaro ana koe ki te hoko. Kei te wheketere pono ngā taputapu hei ine i tēnei, ā, me whakarato he tiwhikete. Rapua he rārangi pēnei i te, "Tested Surface Field: 650-750 Gauss at 0.8mm." Haere atu i tētahi taahiraa: pātai atu mēnā ka whakamātautauhia e rātou i waenganui me ngā taha o te oma whakaputa. Mā tā rātou whakautu koe e kī mēnā ka tirohia e rātou te ōritetanga, ka tirohia noa rānei.

Kia Mataara ki te Rerekētanga o te Matotoru. He pai ki ngā kaiwhakarato te pānuitanga "matotoru 0.5mm!" Engari ko te pātai tūturu: e hia te nui o te rerekētanga? He koretake te manawanui o te ±0.10mm; he tika te ±0.03mm. I roto i te whakaputanga, he moemoeā kino te matotoru koretake. Ka puta he whāngai hē i roto i ngā tapahi aunoa, he rārangi kāpia koretake, me ngā whakapiringa koretake. I mua, i pakaru katoa te puranga o ngā āhua tapahi a tētahi kiritaki nā te mea i kopikopiko te matotoru o te pepa aukume, ā, ka kore e ōrite te paparanga piri. He nui rawa te para.

Whakamātauria te aha ka puta ina piko koe, ina tōia rānei. Kāore e ranea te "ngāwari". Tikina ngā tau e rua: Tuatahi, te iti rawa o te pūtoro piko—kia pēhea te piri o te takai i mua i te piko, i te ngatata rānei? Tuarua, ā, he mea nui ake, ko te kaha o te kiri. Kia pēhea te piri o te paparanga aukume ki tōna tuara? He maha ake ngā wā ka rahua tēnei hononga i tō whakaaro, inā koa me te wera, te makariri, te piko tonu rānei. Mena kei te whakapiri koe i tēnei ki te tinana o te kāreti korowha e tunua ana i te rā, me mōhio koe ki tēnei āhuatanga.
Kōwhiria te Pūtake Kirihou mō tō Āhua Motuhake. Nā te pūmua te ngāwari, ā, kāore e ōrite katoa ngā pūmua. He pai te PVC paerewa mō te nuinga o ngā mahi o roto, ā, he pai te tango i te tānga. Engari ki te kitea e tō wāhanga te hinu, ngā whakarewa, te ozone, ngā huringa pāmahana ohorere rānei (mai i te -40°C ki te neke atu i te 100°C), me hiahia koe ki ngā mea pakari ake pērā i ngā elastomers thermoplastic (TPE). Mō te whakamahinga o waho, me whai pūmau UV te pūmua. Kaua rawa e whakaaro kei roto; me tohu tonu.

Pātai atu mō te Whakaranu. Ka whakakitea ngā mea katoa. Ko te mea ngaro nui rawa atu i tēnei umanga ko te horapa o te paura. Ki te kore te paura NdFeB e whakaranua pai ki roto i te kirihou, ka puta he ngoikore. Ka rerekē te kaha o ngā wahi i tapahia mai i te pepa kotahi. Kāore e taea e koe te whakamātautau i tēnei, nō reira pātai atu ki te kaiwhakarato: "Kōrero mai ki ahau mō tō tukanga whakaranu." Kei te whakamahi rātou i ngā mea whakaranu kutikuti-teitei? Ngā rōra maramataka tino tika? Ko te kaiwhakahaere hangarau ka taea te whakamārama i tēnei me te taipitopito e whakahaere ana i tētahi toa e aro ana ki te kounga.

Ngā Tirohanga e Hangai ana ki ngā Taunakitanga: Te Whakatika i ngā Āwangawanga Matua a te Kaihoko
Ko ngā whakautu e whai ake nei i ahu mai i ngā wheako tika i te mara me ngā whakawhitiwhitinga a ngā kaiwhakarato, ehara i te mea nā ngā pepa raraunga ariā.

P: Me pēhea taku whakaaro mō tōna kaha ki te whakataurite ki ngā aukume totoka?
Whakaarohia te whakamahinga, kaua te mana mata. He punga kaha kukū te mahi a te aukume NdFeB kua whakatōkia—he mea pai mō te hiki, te whakakī rānei. He paparanga here whānui tēnei, e whakarato ana i te kaha pupuri nui puta noa i tōna mata katoa kia rite ai, kia piri ai. He mea hanga mō te whakairinga haumaru, ehara i te mea mō te whakatārewatanga taumaha.

P: He aha te hanga me te whakaotinga?
He mea hanga tēnei rauemi mō te tukatuka i raro iho i te marautanga. He tino pai mō te tapahi tika, ā, he hototahi ki ngā tikanga tā noa pēnei i te tā mata, te tā matihiko, me te tā papa. Ko te taahiraa nui ko te whakamātautau hototahi rauemi me te whakamātau i te ngāwari ki ō waituhi, paninga, papa rānei hei ārai i te ngatata, te wehewehe rānei i te wā e whakamahia ana.

P: He aha ngā paepae ota noa?
Ko te nui o ngā ota ka whakawhirinaki ki te taumata whakaritenga:

Ko te iti rawa o te 5,000 mita pūrua te rahi e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi whare hou, motuhake hoki.

He iti ake te paepae mō te whakarerekē i tētahi momo o nāianei (hei tauira, ngā ine ritenga, te papa whakapiripiri, te tā rānei), arā, i waenga i te 500 me te 1,500 mita pūrua.
Ko te mahi tuatahi ko te aromatawai i tētahi tauira e ōrite ana ki te hanga.

Q: He aha ngā mahi whakatūpato e tika ana?
Ahakoa he haumaru ake te pupuri i ngā aukume poraka matotoru, ko ngā mahi tupato ko:

Te penapena i ngā rōra kia matara atu i ngā taonga he rārangi aukume (kāri nama/kāri urunga) me ngā wati miihini rānei.

Te whakamahi i ngā taputapu tapahi koi, e tiakina ana, me te whai whakaaro ki te whakahaere puehu i te wā e tapatapahi ana, e tapatapahia ana rānei.

Te pupuri i te tawhiti mai i ngā taputapu hiko me ngā pāpāho rokiroki raraunga i te wā e hanga ana, e rokiroki ana hoki.

P: He aha tōna rohe mahi wera?
Ka mau tonu ngā āhuatanga o ngā matūriki NdFeB aukume i ngā pāmahana teitei, engari ko te pūtake pūmua te hononga ngoikore. Ka tīmata ngā here paerewa (PVC/rapa) ki te whakangawari me te pirau i te 80°C (176°F). Mō ngā tono e pāngia ana e ngā pāmahana teitei—pērā i te tata ki ngā miihini, ngā mīhini, i te rā tika tonu rānei—me whakamahi i tētahi momo pūmua pāmahana teitei. Ko tēnei whakatakotoranga ka whakanui ake i te utu rauemi mā te 15-30% engari he mea nui mō te mahi pono.

Tirohanga Whakamutunga
Mā te pupuri i tēnei rauemi mahi-teitei ka nekehia te kōrero ki tua atu i te tauhokohoko utu roa ki tētahi tukanga tirotiro whānui. Ko te angitu kei runga i te whakauru i tō kaiwhakarato hei rauemi hangarau mahi tahi, te whakahaere i ngā whakamātautau tūturu o te ao tūturu i runga i ngā tauira i raro i ngā āhuatanga whakamahinga tūturu, me te tono raraunga mahi whānui, kua manatokohia. Mā tēnei tikanga tino tupato ka hiki ake i tō hoko mai i te hoko nui noa ki tētahi otinga whakauru kua whakamanahia te mahi. Hei whakamutunga, ko te whakatapua rauemi ki tēnei mahi hangarau o mua ko te huarahi pono rawa atu hei tiaki i te kounga o tō hua me te karo i ngā utu nui rawa atu o ngā rahunga i muri i te whakarewatanga.