Urashaka kugura magnets? Dore ikiganiro cyumvikana ukeneye

Kwinjira mu Isi y'Amakuru Ahoraho

Niba ushaka magnets zo gukora umushinga, ushobora kuba warahuye n'ibisobanuro bya tekiniki n'uburyo bwo kugurisha butangaje. Amagambo nka "N52" na "imbaraga zo gukurura" akoreshwa buri gihe, ariko se ni iki cy'ingenzi iyo bigeze ku ikoreshwa ry'ibintu nyabyo? Reka dusimbuke ibintu bidafite akamaro maze dukore. Iyi si inyigisho y'ibitabo gusa; ni ubuhanga bwavuye mu myaka myinshi yo guhitamo magnets zo gukora akazi ko mu rugo, hibandwa ku kintu gikomeye uzageraho cyane: magnets ya neodymium bar.

Urutonde rw'Abakuru - Guhitamo Ikipe Yawe

Tekereza ko rukuruzi zihoraho ari ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi—buri kimwe gifite icyo kigenewe gukoreshwa, kandi guhitamo itakibereye ni bwo buryo budakuka bwo kubangamira umushinga wawe.

Magneti ya Ceramic (Ferrite):Ni inkingi yizewe kandi ihendutse y'isi ya rukuruzi. Uzazibona nk'ingufu z'umukara mu ndangururamajwi z'imodoka yawe cyangwa ufunze akabati kawe. Akamaro kazo kanini ni akahe? Nta mbogamizi zishobora kwangirika kandi zishobora kwihanganira ingaruka mbi. Ese ni ukubihindura? Imbaraga zazo za rukuruzi zirahagije, ntabwo ari nziza. Zikoreshe igihe ingengo y'imari ari nto kandi udakeneye imbaraga zikomeye zo kuzifata.

Amamake ya Alnico:Amahitamo asanzwe. Yakozwe muri aluminiyumu, nikeli, na kobalti, ni yo akoreshwa mu gutuma habaho ubushyuhe bwinshi—niyo mpamvu iboneka mu byuma bishaje by’ibyuma, mu byuma bipima gitari byiza, no mu byuma bipima hafi ya moteri. Ariko ifite intege nke: gutigita cyane cyangwa imbaraga za rukuruzi zishobora kuyikuraho imbaraga za rukuruzi. Nanone irahenze kurusha rukuruzi za kera, bigatuma iba ihitamo ryiza.

Sumateri za Samarium Cobalt (SmCo):Inzobere mu kazi gakomeye. Ukeneye rukuruzi ikoresha ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 300 cyangwa ikoreshwa nabi mu bintu bihumanya ikirere? Ibi nibyo. Inganda zikora mu kirere n'izishinzwe umutekano zitanga agaciro gakomeye kubera ubushobozi bwazo bwo kwihanganira ibintu, ariko ku kazi k'inganda ka 95%, ni ibintu biremereye cyane.

Magneti ya Neodymium (NdFeB):Ingufu zidashidikanywaho. Ni zo mpamvu ibikoresho byacu by'ikoranabuhanga byagabanutse kandi ibikoresho by'inganda bikaba bikomeye cyane—tekereza nk'ingufu nto ariko ikomeye mu mashini yawe idafite insinga. Icyitonderwa: Izi mbufu zikunze kugwamo ingese cyane. Gusiga imwe idapfutse ni nko gusiga icyuma mu mvura; irangi ryo kurinda si amahitamo—ni ngombwa kurokoka.

Ibisobanuro byagenwe – Ibisobanuro birambuye by'ibivugwa mu nkuru

Dore uko wasoma urupapuro rw'ibanga nk'umuhanga wigiye ku makosa ahenze.

Umutego w'Impamyabumenyi (Inota rya N):Nibyo koko umubare wa N uri hejuru (nka N52) bivuze imbaraga nyinshi kurusha uwo hasi (N42). Ariko dore ibanga ry'aho uherereye: amanota yo hejuru arushaho kugorama. Nabonye magneti za N52 zicika bitewe n'ihungabana N42 yazikuramo nta nkovu. Akenshi, magneti nini gato ya N42 ni yo mahitamo meza kandi akomeye - ubona imbaraga zo gukurura zihwanye n'izo nta busembwa.

Imbaraga zo Gukurura:Inkuru y'imigani ya Laboratwari ugereranije n'iy'iduka Ukuri: Ni umubare w'imbaraga zo gukurura ugaragara ku rupapuro rw'isesengura? Upimirwa ku cyuma cyiza, kinini, cyoroshye nk'indorerwamo muri laboratwari igenzurwa n'ikirere. Ukoresha iki? Ni umuraba wa I ushushanyijeho irangi, ugoramye gato utwikiriwe n'igipimo cy'icyuma. Mu isi nyayo, imbaraga nyazo zo gufata zishobora kuba kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibyo kataloge ivuga. Itegeko: Koresha ibipimo kugira ngo ugereranye, ariko wizera gusa igishushanyo cyageragejwe ku buso bwawe nyabwo.

Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe:Ubushyuhe Burakomeye: Ubushyuhe ni "imbaraga zihoraho" za rukuruzi - ni zo zituma idatakaza ingufu za rukuruzi iyo ihuye n'ubushyuhe cyangwa imbaraga za rukuruzi zo hanze. Niba rukuruzi yawe iri hafi ya moteri, mu gice cyo gusudira, cyangwa ku gisenge cy'icyuma gitwikiriwe n'izuba, ugomba guhitamo urwego rw'ubushyuhe bwinshi (reba amagambo ahinnye nka 'H', 'SH', cyangwa 'UH'). Ingufu zisanzwe za neodymium zitangira kwangirika burundu iyo ubushyuhe burenze 80°C (176°F).

Guhitamo ikoti rikwiye – Ni intwaro:

Nickel (Ni-Cu-Ni):Irabagirana, irahendutse, kandi ni nziza cyane ku ikoreshwa ryumye, mu nzu—tekereza ku bikoresho biteranyirizwamo cyangwa ibikoresho bisukuye mu cyumba.

Ukwisiga kwa Epoxy/Polymer:Umuntu ukomeye mu gusiga irangi. Ni urwego rudasa neza, rukunda kugira ibara rito cyane, rurwanya gushwanyagurika, ibintu bishongesha, n'ubushuhe kurusha nikeli. Ku kintu cyose gikoreshwa hanze, mu iduka ry'imashini, cyangwa hafi y'imiti, epoxy ni yo mahitamo yonyine ashoboka. Nk'uko umuhanga mu by'ubukorikori yabivuze: “Izirabagirana zisa neza mu gasanduku. Izirangi zirimo epoxy ziracyakora nyuma y'imyaka myinshi.”

Impamvu Magnet y'ibice ari yo nshuti yawe magara

Disiki n'impeta bifite akamaro kabyo, ariko abaciye bugufirukuruzi y'umugozi wa neodymiumni inkingi ikomeye y'ubwubatsi ku mishinga y'inganda ndetse no mu mishinga yo kwikorera. Imiterere yayo y'urukiramende itanga isura ndende kandi irambuye ya rukuruzi—ni nziza cyane ku ngufu zikomeye kandi zifata kimwe.

Aho Ibona Inzu Yayo:Imiterere yayo yagenewe imiterere yihariye. Bashyire ku murongo kugira ngo ukore agakoresho ko gukurura imyanda y'ibyuma gakoresha ikoranabuhanga rya magnetique. Bashyire mu gikoresho cya aluminium cyihariye kugira ngo bafate ibice mu gihe cyo gusudira. Bakoreshe nk'ibikoresho bitera imbaraga mu byuma bipima hafi. Impande zabo zigororotse zigufasha kubaka imiyoboro minini kandi ikomeye ya magnetique yo guterura cyangwa gutwara imizigo iremereye.

Ibisobanuro birambuye ku byo buri wese abura:Mu gutumiza ibice 5.000, ntushobora kuvuga gusa ngo “agace ka santimetero 2.” Ugomba kugaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ibintu (urugero, 50.0mm ± 0.1mm). Itsinda ry’udusumari tudafite ingano nyinshi ntirizakwira mu mwanya wakozweho, kandi ibyo bishobora kwangiza ihuriro ryose. Abatanga ibikoresho b’indashyikirwa bazapima kandi bemeze ubwo burenganzira—ntibishyurwe amafaranga make.

Umutekano: Ntibikwiye kwiganwaho:

         Ingaruka zo gukanda/gukomeretsa:Ingufu nini cyane za neodymium zishobora gushwanyagurika hamwe zifite imbaraga zihagije zo gushwanyaguza amagufwa. Buri gihe uyakore ukwayo kandi witonze cyane.

         Ingaruka zo kwangirika hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga:Izi magneti zishobora kwangiza burundu amakarita ya banki, disiki zikomeye, n'ibindi bikoresho bya rukuruzi. Ikindi kandi, zishobora guhungabanya imikorere ya pacemaker iyo ziri kure cyane.

         Amabwiriza yo Kubika:Bika magneti za neodymium mu buryo butuma zidakoranaho—udukoresho two gutandukanya amakarita cyangwa uduce twihariye dukora neza kuri ibi.

         Itangazo ry'umutekano ku bijyanye no gusudira:Iri ni itegeko ritagomba kuganirwaho: Ntukigere ukoresha magnet ya neodymium ahantu hose hafi y'icyuma gikoresha imbaraga zo gusudira. Imbaraga za magneti zishobora gutuma icyuma giguruka mu cyerekezo gikaze kandi kitazwi neza, bigatuma icyuma gisudira mu kaga gakomeye.

Gukorana n'umutanga serivisi – Ni ubufatanye

Intego yawe si ukugura magnets gusa; ahubwo ni ugukemura ikibazo. Fata umutanga serivisi nk'umufatanyabikorwa muri icyo gikorwa. Sangiza amakuru arambuye y'umushinga wawe: “Ibi bizafatanya n'icyuma gifata amashanyarazi, bitwikirirwe n'amazi y'amazi, kandi bikore kuva kuri -10°C kugeza kuri 50°C.”

Umutanga serivisi mwiza azabaza ibibazo bikurikira kugira ngo yumve ibyo ukeneye. Umuntu mwiza azagusubiza inyuma niba ukoze ikosa: “Wasabye N52, ariko kuri uwo mutwaro w’ingufu, reka tuvuge kuri N42 ifite epoxy coat nini.” Kandi buri gihe—buri gihe—banza ushake ingero zifatika. Zishyire mu mwanya w’aho utuye: zinjize mu mazi, uzishyire mu bushyuhe bukabije, uzipime kugeza zinaniwe. Ayo madolari amagana make akoreshwa ku bikoresho by’imashini ni bwo bwishingizi buhendutse ushobora kugura mu gihe cy’ibiza by’umusaruro w’amafaranga atanu.

Ingingo y'ingenzi: Urebye kure y'ibisobanuro by'ingenzi kandi ukibanda ku kuramba gufatika, ubuziranenge, n'ubufatanye nyakuri n'umucuruzi wawe, uzakoresha imbaraga zose za rukuruzi—cyane cyane rukuruzi rwa neodymium bar rukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye—kugira ngo ukore ibisubizo bitari bikomeye gusa, ahubwo byizewe kandi bitekanye mu myaka iri imbere.

Wifuza ko nongeraho igice kivuga ku bimenyetso bikurura abantu kwirinda mu gihe uhitamo umucuruzi w’amakuru kugira ngo inkuru yawe ibe yuzuye ku basomyi?