Imagnethi ye-Neodymium luhlobo lwemathiriyeli yemagnethi esebenza ngokusisigxina, eyenziwe nge-neodymium, intsimbi, i-boron kunye nezinye izinto.Inomazibuthe owomeleleyo kwaye ngoku yenye yezona zinto zinamandla umazibuthe ezisisigxina ezisetyenziselwa urhwebo.Umazibuthe weNeodymium unamandla ombane aphezulu kakhulu kunye namandla agqwesileyo kumagnethi kunye nemveliso yamandla kazibuthe.Ke ngoko, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezininzi, kubandakanya itekhnoloji yombane, iimotor zombane, izinzwa, imagnethi, njl.Imagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe ivela kwisakhiwo sayo selathisi kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweathom.Ulwakhiwo lwelattice ye-Neodymium umazibuthe lu-odolwe kakhulu kwaye yeye-Tetragonal crystal system.I-athomu zicwangciswe ngendlela eqhelekileyo kwi-lattice, kwaye amaxesha azo amagnetic ahlala ehambelana, kunye nokusebenzisana okunamandla phakathi kwabo.Olu lungelelwaniso lucwangcisiweyo kunye nokunxibelelana kwenza iNeodymium umazibuthe ibe neempawu eziqinileyo zemagnethi.Imagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe inokulungelelaniswa kwaye iphuculwe ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zamalungiselelo kunye neendlela zokusetyenzwa.Umzekelo,Iimagnethi ze-neodymium zaseTshayinainokwenziwa kwiimagnethi ezinemilo entsonkothileyo ngenkqubo yomgubo wesinyithi.Ukongeza, amanyathelo anje ngonyango lobushushu, unyango lwemagneti, kunye nokwaleka kunokuthatyathwa ukongeza iipropathi zayo zemagneti kunye nozinzo.Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iipropathi zamagnetic ze-Neodymium magnet ziya kuncitshiswa kumaqondo aphezulu.Ubushushu obubalulekileyo bemagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe ngokuqhelekileyo buphakathi kwama-200-300 ℃.Xa iqondo lobushushu ligqithisiwe, imagneti kunye namandla kazibuthe eNeodymium umazibuthe aya kuba buthathaka ngokuthe ngcembe, okanye aphulukane nemagnethi ngokupheleleyo.Ke ngoko, kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, kuyafuneka ukuba ukhethe ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokusebenza ngokuhambelana nobushushu obubalulekileyo bemagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe.

Ⅰ.Iimpawu zemagnethi zeNeodymium umazibuthe kunye nomgaqo wokutshintsha kobushushu

A. Iimpawu zemagnethi ezisisiseko zeNeodymium umazibuthe: Imagnethi yeNeodymium luhlobo lwemathiriyeli yamagnetic esisigxina yomhlaba enqabileyo eneempawu ezinamandla kakhulu zemagnethi.Ineempawu zemveliso yamandla kamagnetic ephezulu, i-remanence ephezulu kunye nokunyanzeliswa okuphezulu.Amandla ombane wemagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe aqhele ukuba phezulu kunemagnethi ye-ferrite kunye ne-aluminium nickel cobalt.Oku kwenza imagnethi yeNeodymium isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezininzi, ezinjengeemotor, izinzwa kunye nemagnethi.

B. Ubudlelwane phakathi kokulungelelaniswa kweathom kunye nomzuzu wamagnetic:Umazibuthe we-Neodymium umazibuthe ubonwa ngokudibana kwe-atomic magnetic moment.Umzuzu wemagnethi yeathom yenziwe yi-spin yee-electron kunye ne-orbital magnetic moment.Xa ezi athom zicwangciswe kwileti, ukusebenzisana kwazo komzuzu wemagnethi kukhokelela kwisizukulwana semagnethi.Kwizibuthe zeNeodymium, umzuzu wemagnethi weathom uphuma ikakhulu kwiiyoni ezisixhenxe ze-neodymium ezingadityaniswanga, ezijikelezileyo zikwicala elinye nelomzuzu wemagnethi ye-orbital.Ngale ndlela, intsimi yemagnethi eyomeleleyo iyaveliswa, okukhokelela kwimagnethi eyomeleleyo yeNeodymium umazibuthe.

C. Isiphumo sotshintsho lobushushu kulungelelwaniso lweathom: Ulungelelwaniso kunye nokusebenzisana kwee-athomu kwi-lattice kugqitywa ngubushushu.Ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, intshukumo ye-Thermal yee-athomu iyanda, kwaye intsebenziswano phakathi kweathom iyancipha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungazinzini kolungelelwaniso olucwangcisiweyo lwee-athomu.Oku kuya kuchaphazela ulungelelwaniso lwe-athomu ye-Neodymium umazibuthe, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela iipropati zayo zemagneti.Kubushushu obuphezulu, intshukumo yeThermal yee-athomu iqina ngakumbi, kwaye intsebenziswano phakathi kweathom iba buthathaka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwehleni kwemagnetization kunye namandla kazibuthe eNeodymium magnet.

D. Ubushushu obubalulekileyo bemagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe:Iqondo lobushushu elibalulekileyo lemagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe libhekisa kwiqondo lobushushu apho umazibuthe weNeodymium ulahlekelwa nguzibuthe kubushushu obuphezulu.Ngokubanzi, ubushushu obubalulekileyo bemagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe bumalunga nama-200-300 ℃.Xa iqondo lobushushu lidlula iqondo lobushushu elibalulekileyo lemagnethi, ulungelelwaniso lweathom yemagnethi yeNeodymium kutshatyalaliswa, kwaye umkhombandlela womzuzu wemagnethi usasazwa ngokungacwangciswanga, okukhokelela ekuphelelweni okanye nasekulahlekeni okupheleleyo kwemagneti kunye namandla kazibuthe.Ngoko ke, kwisicelo, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ekulawuleni ubushushu obusebenzayo be-Neodymium magnet ukuze kugcinwe iipropati ezizinzile zamagnetic.

Ⅱ.Impembelelo yobushushu kwimagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe

A. Impembelelo yokutshintsha kobushushu kwimagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe:utshintsho lobushushu luya kuchaphazela imagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu, imagnethi yeNeodymium umazibuthe iya kuncipha kwaye ijiko lemagnethi liya kuba mcaba.Oku kungenxa yokuba ubushushu obuphezulu buya kubangela isizinda semagnethi kwi-Neodymium umazibuthe ukuba singaqheleki, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuncipheni kwemagnetization.Imagnethi encinci ye-neodymium disc.

B. Impembelelo yokutshintsha kobushushu kwi-Coercivity of Neodymium magnet: Ukunyanzeliswa kubhekiselele kwinto yokuba amandla emagnethi asetyenzisiweyo afikelela kwixabiso elibalulekileyo lemagnethi epheleleyo yemagnethi ngexesha lemagneti.Ukutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu kuya kuchaphazela i-Coercivity ye-Neodymium magnet.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, i-Coercivity ye-Neodymium magnet iya kuncipha, ngelixa kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi, i-Coercivity iya kwanda.Oku kungenxa yokuba amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokonyusa uvuselelo lwe-thermal lwemimandla yamagnetic, efuna indawo encinci yemagneti ukwenza umazibuthe wonke.

C. Impembelelo yokutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu ekuthomalaliseni okomzuzwana kunye nokuhlala kwakhona kwemagnethi yeNeodymium: Ukuthomalalisa okomzuzwana kubhekisa kwiqondo lokuthomalalisa kumzuzu wemagnethi ngexesha lozibuthe wemagnethi, kwaye ukuhlala kwakhona kubhekisa kwiqondo lemagnethi esenayo iNeodymium umazibuthe phantsi kwesiphumo sokuphelelwa nguzibuthe.Ukutshintsha kweqondo lobushushu kuyakuchaphazela umzuzu wokudambisa kunye nokuhlala kwakhona kwemagnethi yeNeodymium.Ngokubanzi, ukonyuka kobushushu kuya kukhokelela ekonyukeni komzuzu wokudanjiswa kweemagnethi ze-neodymium, okwenza inkqubo yemagneti ikhawuleze ngakumbi.Kwangaxeshanye, ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu kuya kunciphisa i-remanence ye-Neodymium umazibuthe, okwenza kube lula ukuphulukana nemagneti phantsi kwesenzo se-demagnetization.

Ⅲ.Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokulawula ilahleko kazibuthe Neodymium

A. Umda wobushushu bokusetyenziswa kwemagnethi yeNeodymium: iimpawu zemagnethi zeNeodymium umazibuthe ziyakuchatshazelwa bubushushu obuphezulu, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ubushushu obusebenzayo bemagnethi yeNeodymium kwizicelo ezisebenzayo.Ngokubanzi, ubushushu obusebenzayo be-Neodymium umazibuthe kufuneka bube sezantsi kunobushushu bemagnethi obubalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokusebenza kwemagnethi.Umda othile wokushisa osebenzayo uya kuhluka ngokwezicelo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ezithile.Kucetyiswa ngokubanzi ukuba usebenzise umazibuthe we-Neodymium ongaphantsi kwe-100-150 ℃.

B. Ukuqwalaselwa kobushushu kumandla kazibuthe kuyilo lwemagnethi: Xa uyila iimagnethi, impembelelo yobushushu kumandla kazibuthe yinto ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe.Ukushisa okuphezulu kuya kunciphisa amandla ombane we-Neodymium magnet, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela impembelelo yokushisa okusebenzayo kwinkqubo yoyilo.Indlela eqhelekileyo kukukhetha izixhobo zemagnethi ezinozinzo olulungileyo lobushushu, okanye uthathe amanyathelo okupholisa ukunciphisa ubushushu bokusebenza kwemagnethi ukuqinisekisa ukuba inokugcina amandla ombane owaneleyo kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu.

C. Iindlela zokuphucula uzinzo lobushushu be-Neodymium umazibuthe: Ukuze kuphuculwe uzinzo lobushushu be-Neodymium umazibuthe kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ezi ndlela zilandelayo zingamkelwa:Ukongeza izinto ze-alloy: ukongeza izinto ze-alloy ezifana ne-aluminium kunye ne-nickel kwi-Neodymium umazibuthe unokuphucula ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.Unyango lokutyabeka komhlaba: unyango olukhethekileyo. kumphezulu wemagnethi ye-Neodymium, efana ne-electroplating okanye ukugquma umaleko wezinto ezikhuselayo, inokuphucula ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu.Ukulungiswa koyilo lweMagnet: ngokulungisa ubume kunye nejometri yemagnethi, ukunyuka kobushushu kunye nokulahleka kobushushu bemagnethi yeNeodymium amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunokwehliswa, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe uzinzo lobushushu.Amanyathelo okupholisa: amanyathelo okupholisa ezifanelekileyo, ezifana ulwelo okupholisa okanye ukupholisa fan, unokunciphisa ngempumelelo iqondo lobushushu ukusebenza Neodymium umazibuthe nokuphucula ukuzinza ubushushu bayo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nangona ubushushu Uzinzo lwemagnethi ye-Neodymium lunokuphuculwa ngezi ndlela zingasentla, umazibuthe we-Neodymium umazibuthe unokulahleka kwiimeko zobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu ukuba ubushushu bawo obubalulekileyo bobubuthe bugqithile.Ke ngoko, kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu, ezinye izinto ezizezinye okanye amanyathelo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuhlangabezana nemfuno.

Ukuququmbela

Uzinzo lobushushu be-Neodymium umazibuthe lubalulekile ukugcina iipropathi zayo zemagneti kunye neziphumo zesicelo.Xa uyila kwaye ukhetha i-Neodymium umazibuthe, kuyafuneka ukuba uqwalasele iimpawu zayo zemagneti kuluhlu oluthile lobushushu kwaye uthathe amanyathelo ahambelanayo ukugcina ukusebenza kwayo kuzinzile.Oku kunokubandakanya ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo, ukusebenzisa ukupakisha okanye ukuyila ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu ukunciphisa iziphumo zobushushu, kunye nokulawula iimeko zokusingqongileyo zokutshintsha ubushushu.Inkampani yethu yinkampaniChina neodymium idiskhi iimagnethi factory, ukuba ufuna ezi mveliso, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.