Neodymium hlau nplaum yog ib hom khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov uas muaj zog heev, uas muaj neodymium, hlau, boron thiab lwm yam khoom. Nws muaj zog heev thiab tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov muaj zog tshaj plaws uas siv hauv kev lag luam. Neodymium hlau nplaum muaj lub zog magnetic siab heev thiab lub zog magnetic zoo heev thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob magnetic. Yog li ntawd, nws tau siv dav hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog kev siv tshuab hluav taws xob, lub cev muaj zog hluav taws xob, sensors, hlau nplaum, thiab lwm yam.Lub zog sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum los ntawm nws cov qauv lattice thiab atomic alignment. Lub qauv lattice ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yog qhov kev txiav txim siab heev thiab koom nrog Tetragonal crystal system. Atoms tau teeb tsa tsis tu ncua hauv lattice, thiab lawv cov magnetic moments tseem sib xws, nrog kev sib cuam tshuam muaj zog ntawm lawv. Qhov kev txiav txim siab thiab kev sib cuam tshuam no ua rau Neodymium hlau nplaum muaj cov khoom sib nqus muaj zog.Lub zog sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum tuaj yeem hloov kho thiab txhim kho los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem npaj thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav. Piv txwv li,Tuam Tshoj neodymium hlau nplaumtuaj yeem ua rau cov hlau nplaum nrog cov duab nyuaj los ntawm cov txheej txheem hmoov metallurgy. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev ntsuas xws li kev kho cua sov, kev kho magnetization, thiab txheej kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua kom nws cov khoom sib nqus thiab kev ruaj khov ntxiv.Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov khoom sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yuav raug txo qis ntawm qhov kub siab. Qhov kub sib nqus tseem ceeb ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum feem ntau yog ntawm 200-300 ℃. Thaum qhov kub ntau dhau, lub zog sib nqus thiab lub zog sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yuav maj mam qaug zog, lossis txawm tias poob nws lub zog sib nqus tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev siv tiag tiag, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xaiv qhov kub ua haujlwm tsim nyog raws li qhov kub sib nqus tseem ceeb ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum cov ntaub ntawv.

Ⅰ. Cov khoom sib nqus ntawm Neodymium magnet thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev hloov pauv kub

A. Cov khoom siv sib nqus yooj yim ntawm Neodymium magnet: Neodymium hlau nplaum yog ib hom khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li uas tsis tshua muaj neeg paub thiab muaj zog heev. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum siab, kev rov ua dua tshiab siab thiab Coercivity siab. Lub zog ntawm hlau nplaum Neodymium feem ntau siab dua li cov hlau nplaum ferrite thiab txhuas nickel cobalt. Qhov no ua rau Neodymium hlau nplaum siv dav hauv ntau daim ntawv thov, xws li lub cev muaj zog, sensors thiab hlau nplaum.

B. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev sib phim atomic thiab lub zog sib nqus:Lub zog sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yog pom los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog sib nqus atomic. Lub zog sib nqus atomic yog tsim los ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm cov electrons thiab lub zog sib nqus orbital. Thaum cov atoms no tau teeb tsa hauv lub lattice, lawv qhov kev sib cuam tshuam magnetic ua rau lub cim ntawm magnetism. Hauv Neodymium hlau nplaum, lub zog sib nqus ntawm lub atom feem ntau los ntawm xya unpaired neodymium ions, uas nws cov spins yog nyob rau hauv tib qho kev coj ua li lub zog sib nqus orbital. Ua li no, lub zog sib nqus muaj zog yog tsim, ua rau muaj zog magnetism ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum.

C. Cov nyhuv ntawm kev hloov pauv kub rau kev sib phim atomic: Qhov kev npaj thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov atoms hauv lub lattice yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, Thermal txav ntawm cov atoms nce ntxiv, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov atoms yog qhov tsis muaj zog, uas ua rau muaj kev tsis ruaj khov ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov atoms. Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov sib phim ntawm atoms ntawm Neodymium magnet, yog li cuam tshuam rau nws cov khoom sib nqus. Thaum kub siab, Thermal txav ntawm cov atoms yog qhov muaj zog dua, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov atoms yog qhov tsis muaj zog, ua rau muaj kev qaug zog ntawm magnetization thiab magnetic force ntawm Neodymium magnet.

D. Qhov kub tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlau nplaum Neodymium:Qhov kub ntawm lub hlau nplaum Neodymium yog hais txog qhov kub uas lub hlau nplaum Neodymium poob nws lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab. Feem ntau, qhov kub ntawm lub hlau nplaum Neodymium yog li 200-300 ℃. Thaum qhov kub siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm lub hlau nplaum tseem ceeb, qhov sib dhos ntawm lub atomic ntawm lub hlau nplaum Neodymium raug rhuav tshem, thiab qhov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog sib nqus raug faib tawm, ua rau lub zog sib nqus thiab lub zog sib nqus tsis muaj zog lossis txawm tias poob tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, thaum siv, yuav tsum tau saib xyuas kom tswj tau qhov kub ntawm lub hlau nplaum Neodymium kom nws cov khoom sib nqus ruaj khov.

Ⅱ. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau qhov magnetism ntawm Neodymium magnet

A. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov pauv kub rau ntawm kev sib nqus ntawm Neodymium magnet:Kev hloov pauv kub yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov magnetization ntawm Neodymium magnet. Feem ntau hais lus, nrog rau qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov magnetization ntawm Neodymium magnet yuav txo qis thiab qhov nkhaus magnetization yuav tiaj tus. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov kub siab yuav ua rau thaj chaw magnetic hauv Neodymium magnet ua tsis xwm yeem, ua rau qhov magnetization ntawmme me neodymium disc magnet.

B. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev hloov pauv kub rau Coercivity ntawm Neodymium magnet: Coercivity txhais tau hais tias lub zog ntawm lub zog magnetic uas siv tau ncav cuag qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib nqus tag nrho ntawm lub hlau nplaum thaum lub sijhawm sib nqus. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav cuam tshuam rau Coercivity ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum. Feem ntau, ntawm qhov kub siab, Coercivity ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yuav txo qis, thaum ntawm qhov kub qis, Coercivity yuav nce. Qhov no yog vim tias qhov kub siab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov chaw sib nqus, xav tau lub zog magnetic me dua los sib nqus tag nrho cov hlau nplaum.

C. Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv rau lub sijhawm damping thiab remanence ntawm Neodymium magnet: Lub sijhawm damping yog hais txog qib ntawm kev txo qis ntawm lub zog sib nqus thaum lub sijhawm magnetization ntawm hlau nplaum, thiab remanence yog hais txog qib ntawm magnetization uas Neodymium hlau nplaum tseem muaj nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam ntawm demagnetization. Qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm damping thiab remanence ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias yuav ua rau muaj kev nce ntawm lub sijhawm damping ntawm neodymium hlau nplaum, ua rau cov txheej txheem magnetization sai dua. Tib lub sijhawm, qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias kuj tseem yuav txo qhov remanence ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau poob magnetization nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm demagnetization.

III.Daim ntawv thov thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm Neodymium magnet magnetic poob

A. Qhov kub txwv rau kev siv Neodymium magnet: Cov khoom sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub siab, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txwv qhov kub ua haujlwm ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum hauv kev siv tswv yim. Feem ntau hais lus, qhov kub ua haujlwm ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yuav tsum qis dua nws qhov kub tseem ceeb sib nqus kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib nqus. Qhov txwv kub ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yuav txawv raws li cov ntawv thov sib txawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb. Nws feem ntau pom zoo kom siv Neodymium hlau nplaum hauv qab 100-150 ℃.

B. Kev xav txog qhov kub thiab txias ntawm lub zog sib nqus hauv kev tsim hlau nplaum: Thaum tsim cov hlau nplaum, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau lub zog sib nqus yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog. Qhov kub siab yuav txo qhov zog sib nqus ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum, yog li nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xav txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kub ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem tsim. Ib txoj hauv kev feem ntau yog xaiv cov khoom siv hlau nplaum uas muaj qhov kub thiab txias zoo, lossis siv cov kev ntsuas txias kom txo qhov kub ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlau nplaum kom ntseeg tau tias nws tuaj yeem tswj tau lub zog sib nqus txaus hauv qhov chaw kub siab.

C. Cov txheej txheem los txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm Neodymium magnet: Yuav kom txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm Neodymium magnet ntawm qhov kub siab, cov txheej txheem hauv qab no tuaj yeem siv tau: Ntxiv cov khoom sib xyaw: ntxiv cov khoom sib xyaw xws li txhuas thiab nickel rau Neodymium magnet tuaj yeem txhim kho nws qhov kev tiv thaiv kub siab. Kev kho txheej saum npoo: kev kho tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Neodymium magnet, xws li electroplating lossis txheej txheej ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv, tuaj yeem txhim kho nws qhov kev tiv thaiv kub siab. Kev tsim qauv hlau nplaum: los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov qauv thiab geometry ntawm lub hlau nplaum, qhov kub nce thiab cua sov poob ntawm Neodymium magnet ntawm qhov kub siab tuaj yeem txo qis, yog li txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias ruaj khov. Kev ntsuas txias: kev ntsuas txias kom zoo, xws li kua txias lossis kiv cua txias, tuaj yeem txo qhov kub ua haujlwm ntawm Neodymium magnet thiab txhim kho nws qhov kub thiab txias ruaj khov. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias txawm hais tias qhov kub thiab txias ruaj khov ntawm Neodymium magnet tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem saum toj no, qhov magnetism ntawm Neodymium magnet yuav ploj mus rau hauv qhov chaw kub siab heev yog tias nws qhov kub thiab txias tseem ceeb ntawm magnetic raug tshaj. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev siv kub siab, lwm yam khoom siv lossis kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab kom tau raws li qhov xav tau.

Xaus lus

Qhov kub thiab txias ntawm Neodymium hlau nplaum yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj nws cov khoom sib nqus thiab cov teebmeem ntawm daim ntawv thov. Thaum tsim thiab xaiv Neodymium hlau nplaum, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xav txog nws cov yam ntxwv magnetization hauv qhov kub thiab txias tshwj xeeb thiab ua cov kev ntsuas kom ruaj khov nws cov kev ua tau zoo. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog, siv cov ntim khoom lossis cov qauv tsim cua sov kom txo cov teebmeem kub, thiab tswj cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig rau kev hloov pauv kub. Peb lub tuam txhab yog ib qhoTuam Tshoj neodymium disc magnets Hoobkas, （Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tsim khoom ntawmcov hlau nplaum ntawm ntau yam duab, nws muaj nws tus kheej kev paub) yog tias koj xav tau cov khoom no, thov hu rau peb yam tsis muaj kev yig.