Ungalahla kanjani izibuthe ze-neodymium?

Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngokulungiswa, ukucubungula kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezibuthe ze-neodymium.Njengento enenani elibalulekile lesicelo,izibuthe ze-neodymiumasetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-elekthronikhi, izinjini, izinzwa kazibuthe neminye imikhakha.Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bahehe ukunakwa okusabalele ngezindawo zabo ezinhle kazibuthe, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Kulesi sihloko, sizokwethula ukubuka kuqala okuyisisekelo kozibuthe be-neodymium, okuhlanganisa izici zabo nokusebenza kwabo.Khona-ke, sizoxoxa ngokujulile ngenqubo yokulungiselela izibuthe ze-neodymium, okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwempahla eluhlaza, indlela ye-powder metallurgy kanye nendlela yensimbi yokucwenga, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizoxoxa ngokucubungula nokubunjwa kokwakheka kwezibuthe ze-neodymium, kanye nokwelashwa kwendawo. kanye nesivikelo.Okokugcina, sizokwethula ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kozibuthe be-neodymium, futhi sibheke phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwabo kwesikhathi esizayo.Ngocwaningo lwalesi sihloko, ngithemba ukunikeza abafundi isiqondiso sokuqonda okujulile kolwazi oluyisisekelo kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene zozibuthe be-neodymium.

1.1 Izicelo Nokubaluleka Kwezibuthe Ze-Neodymium

Kulezi zinsuku, omazibuthe be-neodymium bakhula ngokushesha futhi basetshenziswa kabanzi.Kungenzeka ukufaka esikhundleni sikazibuthe bensimbi ehlanzekile bendabuko, omagnethi be-alnico kanye ne-samarium cobalt emikhakheni eminingi efana nezinjini zikagesi, izinsimbi namamitha, imboni yezimoto, imboni ye-petrochemical kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo kazibuthe.Ingakwazi ukukhiqiza izimo ezihlukahlukene: ezifana nozibuthe bediski, omagnethi abayindandatho, ozibuthe abangama-rectangular, odonsa be-arc nezinye izimo zikamagnet.

Ozibuthe be-Neodymium batholakala emikhiqizweni ye-elekthronikhi yansuku zonke, efana nama-hard drive, omakhalekhukhwini, ama-earphone, njll. Ozibuthe be-Neodymium badlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni womsindo wochwepheshe.Ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane nesisindo sokukhanya sikazibuthe we-neodymium, i-flux kazibuthe inkulu.Ngakho-ke, ifaneleka kakhulu ukuqiniswa komsindo kwezigaba zokusebenza kochwepheshe kanye nezinkundla ezinkulu.Phakathi kwemikhiqizo yayo eminingi yomsindo okhokhelwayo, i-TM brand audio professional ithuthukise amayunithi kazibuthe e-neodymium ekhwalithi ephezulu ngenani elikhulu lokuhlola, futhi yathuthukisa iyunithi yomsindo yomugqa wendabuko ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-LA-102F, enamandla amakhulu kanye nesakhiwo esihlangene. ., Isisindo esikhanyayo se-neodymium magnetic unit line array isipikha sokusebenza.

Omazibuthe sebeyisithako esibalulekile emhlabeni wanamuhla.Ozibuthe bafika ngezindlela ezihlukene, osayizi kanye namazinga wamandla.Lokhu kungase kudideke lapho unquma amandla kazibuthe owadingayo kuphrojekthi yakho.Phakathi kozibuthe abakhona emhlabeni namuhla, omagnethi be-neodymium bathole ukunakwa okukhulu, futhi abantu abaningi baye baqaphela ukubaluleka kwamagnetic we-neodymium ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezinhle kakhulu.

I-Neodymium ngokuyisisekelo iyinsimbi yomhlaba eyivelakancane esebenza njengozibuthe onamandla.Zibhekwa njengeziqine kakhulu maqondana nekhwalithi yazo.Ngisho nomazibuthe we-neodymium omncane kakhulu unamandla okusekela ubukhulu obuphindwe kayinkulungwane.I-Neodymium ithengeka ngokuphelele ngisho nakumazibuthe aqinile.Lezi zizathu ziye zandisa ukuthandwa kwalo kazibuthe, osetshenziswa kabanzi ezweni lanamuhla.

I-China njengamanje ingumthengisi omkhulu kakhulu emhlabeni we-NdFeB.Bahlangabezana cishe nama-80% wezidingo zomhlaba.Selokhu yatholakala ngeminyaka yawo-1970, isidingo sayo siye sakhula kakhulu.Baziwa nangokuthi ngozibuthe be-NIB, ebangeni likazibuthe, ibanga labo kazibuthe liphakathi kwe-N35 kuya ku-N54.Amandla kazibuthe alungiswa umenzi ngokwezidingo zabo.(Chofoza lapha ukuze uthole imiyalelo yokulinganisa uzibuthe)

Ozibuthe be-Neodymium basengozini yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa futhi bangalahlekelwa ngisho namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Kodwa-ke, abanye omagnethi be-neodymium abakhethekile bangatholakala emhlabeni wamanje, abangasebenzisa ukusebenza kwabo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kakhulu.Isisindo esiphansi salawa mamagnethi uma siqhathaniswa nabanye omazibuthe sihlaba umxhwele izimboni eziwasebenzisayo.

1.2 Ukubuka konke okuyisisekelo kozibuthe be-neodymium

A. Uzibuthe we-Neodymium uyinto eyivelakancane kazibuthe yomhlaba eyakhiwe i-neodymium, insimbi ne-boron.Inefomula yamakhemikhali i-Nd2Fe14B futhi ingenye yezinto zikazibuthe eziqine kakhulu ezitholakala kwezentengiso.

B. Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banezici nezici ezilandelayo:

Izakhiwo zikaZibuthe: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banomkhiqizo wamandla kazibuthe aphezulu kakhulu namandla aphoqelelayo, okubenza bakwazi ukukhiqiza amandla kazibuthe anamandla kakhulu.Ingenye yezinto eziqine kakhulu zikazibuthe ezisetshenziswayo okwamanje.

Ukuzinza kokushisa: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza futhi ngokuvamile basebenza ngokuzinza ebangeni le-Celsius.Kodwa-ke, izici zayo kazibuthe ziyancipha kancane kancane lapho izinga lokushisa lidlula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokusebenza.

Ukumelana nokugqwala: Ngenxa yento yensimbi equkethwe kuzibuthe we-neodymium, idla umoya-mpilo namanzi.Ngakho-ke, ukumbozwa okungaphezulu noma okunye ukwelapha okuvikelayo kuvame ukudingeka ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo.

2.1 Inqubo yokulungiselela uzibuthe we-neodymium

A. Ukulungiswa kwempahla eluhlaza: Izinto ezingavuthiwe ezifana ne-neodymium, i-iron ne-boron zilungiswa ngesilinganiso esithile, futhi ukwelashwa okuhle ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kuyenziwa.

1. I-Powder Metallurgy: Ingenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokulungiselela omagnetic be-neodymium.

2. Ukulungiswa kwempushana: Hlanganisa izimpushana zezinto ezingavuthiwe ngengxenye ethile, futhi ukhiqize izimpushana zezingxenye eziqondiwe ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali noma izindlela ezibonakalayo.

3. Ingxubevange: Beka impushana esithandweni sokushisa esiphezulu, futhi wenze ukusabela kwe-alloying ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa nezimo zomoya ukuze ulenze ingxubevange enokwakheka okufanayo.Ukucindezela: I-alloy powder ifakwa esikhunjini futhi icindezelwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu ukuze yakhe uzibuthe onomumo nosayizi oyifunayo.

4. I-Sintering: faka uzibuthe ocindezelwe esithandweni somlilo, bese ufaka i-sinter ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa nezomkhathi ukuze ucwebezele futhi uthole izici ezidingekayo zikazibuthe.

Indlela yokuhlanganisa insimbi: Ingaphezulu lezinto zikazibuthe ze-neodymium ngokuvamile lidinga ukupuletwa ukuze kwandiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kwalo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukubukeka.

D. Amanye amasu okulungiselela: Ngaphezu kwe-powder metallurgy kanye ne-metal plating, kunamanye amasu amaningi okulungisa izibuthe ze-neodymium, njengokufafaza kwesixazululo, ukuncibilika nokunye.

2.3 Ukucutshungulwa kanye Nokwakheka Komumo Wama-Neodymium Magnets

A. Ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukunemba: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium banobulukhuni obuphezulu kakhulu kanye nokuqina, ngakho ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula okukhethekile buyadingeka enqubweni yokucubungula, njengokusika izintambo, i-EDM, njll.

B. Ukusetshenziswa Nokuklanywa Kwama-Neodymium Magnets Ngezimo Ezihlukene:Umjikelezo, Isikwele, kanye Nozibuthe Bebha Neodymium: Lezi zimo zozibuthe be-Neodymium zivame ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezinzwa, izinjini, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.Ozibuthe be-neodymium abamise okukhethekile: Ngokwezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezidingo zokuklama, omazibuthe be-neodymium abakhethekile abahlukahlukene bangaklanywa futhi bakhiwe.Ukusetshenziswa okushumekiwe nokuhlanganisiwe kozibuthe be-neodymium: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bangahlanganiswa nezinye izinto, njengokunamathiselwe kuma-iron cores, kuhlanganiswe nabanye omagnethi, njll.h-I-Temperature Resistant Neodymium Magnets.

3. Ukwelashwa okungaphezulu nokuvikelwa kozibuthe be-neodymium

A. I-Surface coating: Izingubo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa i-nickel plating, i-galvanizing, upende wokufutha, njll. ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nekhwalithi yokubukeka kozibuthe be-neodymium.

B. Ukwelashwa kokugqwala nokunqanda ukugqwala: Ingaphezulu likazibuthe we-neodymium lidinga ukwelashwa ngendlela efanele yokunqanda ukugqwala kanye ne-anti-corrosion ukuze kwelule impilo yayo yesevisi.

C. I-Ecapsulation and Packaging: Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo, omagnethi be-neodymium ngokuvamile badinga ukugqunywa noma bahlanganiswe ukuze bavimbele ukuvuza kazibuthe kanye nomthelela wendawo yangaphandle.

4. Ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa kozibuthe be-neodymium

1. Imisebenzi nezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza: Ozibuthe be-Neodymium basetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-electronics, amamotho, izinzwa kazibuthe, i-aerospace kanye neminye imikhakha, ehlinzeka ngezinto ezinhle kazibuthe zalezi zimboni.
2. Izexwayiso zokusetshenziswa: Uma usebenzisa omazibuthe be-neodymium, kuyadingeka ukuthi unake ukuqina kwayo kanye nezici eziqinile zikazibuthe, futhi ugweme izinto ezingase ziyilimaze, njengokushayisana, ukudlidliza kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
3. Izindlela zokugcina nokunakekela zesikhathi eside: Ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside, ozibuthe be-neodymium kufanele bagcinwe kude namanzi kanye nezindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu.Kumagnethi e-neodymium asetshenziswayo, angahlanzwa futhi agcinwe njalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwawo okuzinzile.

Ekuphetheni:

Ngokufingqa kwalesi sihloko, singaqonda amaphuzu abalulekile okulungiswa, ukucubungula kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezibuthe ze-neodymium.

B. Ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo kozibuthe be-neodymium, izindlela ezintsha zokulungiselela nezindlela zokwelashwa ezingaphezulu zingacutshungulwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwazo kanye nebanga lohlelo lokusebenza, futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusetshenziswa kwazo emikhakheni esafufusa.