I-Neodymium magnet kanye ne-Hematite magnet yizinto ezimbili ezivamile kazibuthe, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yazo.Umazibuthe we-Neodymium ungokazibuthe we-Rare-earth, owakhiwa i-neodymium, insimbi, i-boron nezinye izakhi.Inozibuthe oqinile, i-Coercivity ephezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi kumishini, ijeneretha, imishini ye-acoustic neminye imikhakha.I-Hematite magnet iwuhlobo lwe-ore uhlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo kazibuthe, ezenziwe ngokuyinhloko nge-hematite equkethe i-iron ore.Inezici ezilinganiselwe zikazibuthe kanye ne-anti-corrosion, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zendabuko kazibuthe, imishini yokugcina idatha kanye neminye imikhakha.Kulesi sihloko, izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-Neodymium magnet kanye ne-Hematite magnet kuzoxoxwa ngokujulile, futhi umehluko wabo uzoqhathaniswa.

Ⅰ.Izici nokusebenzisa uzibuthe we-Neodymium:

A.Izici Zezibuthe ze-Neodymium:

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:Imagnethi ye-Neodymium iqukethe i-neodymium (Nd), insimbi (Fe) nezinye izakhi.Okuqukethwe kwe-neodymium kuvame ukuba phakathi kuka-24% no-34%, kuyilapho okuqukethwe kwensimbi kubala iningi.Ngaphezu kwe-neodymium nensimbi, uzibuthe we-Neodymium ungase futhi uqukathe ezinye izakhi, njenge-boron (B) nezinye izakhi zomhlaba eziyivelakancane, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zayo kazibuthe.

I-Magnetism:Uzibuthe we-Neodymium ungomunye wamazibuthe abavamile abaqinile abaziwayo njengamanje.Inemagnetization ephezulu kakhulu, engafinyelela izinga abanye omazibuthe abangakwazi ukulifinyelela.Lokhu kuyinikeza izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu kazibuthe futhi ifaneleka kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga i-magnetization ephezulu.

Ukuphoqelela:Uzibuthe we-Neodymium unokuphoqeka okuphezulu, okusho ukuthi inokumelana nenkundla kazibuthe okuqinile kanye nokumelana ne-shear.Ekusetshenzisweni kwayo, uzibuthe we-Neodymium angagcina isimo sawo sokuzibuthe futhi akuthintwa kalula yinkundla kazibuthe yangaphandle.

Ukumelana nokugqwala:Ukumelana nokugqwala kukazibuthe we-Neodymium ngokuvamile kubi, ngakho ukwelashwa kwendawo, okufana ne-electroplating noma ukwelashwa kokushisa, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala.Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi uzibuthe we-Neodymium akajwayele ukugqwala kanye ne-oxidation esetshenziswayo.

B. Ukusetshenziswa kukazibuthe we-Neodymium:

Injini nejeneretha: Uzibuthe we-Neodymium usetshenziswa kakhulu kumotho nakujeneretha ngenxa yamandla kazibuthe wawo aphezulu kanye nokuphoqelela.Uzibuthe we-Neodymium unganikeza inkambu kazibuthe enamandla, ukuze amamotho namajeneretha abe nokusebenza kahle nokusebenza okuphezulu.

Imishini ye-Acoustic: Uzibuthe we-Neodymium usetshenziswa futhi emishinini ye-acoustic, njengezipikha nama-headphone.Amandla kazibuthe ayo anamandla angakwazi ukukhiqiza umsindo ophezulu kanye nemiphumela engcono yekhwalithi yomsindo.Imishini yezokwelapha: Imagnethi ye-Neodymium nayo isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yezokwelapha.Isibonelo, kumishini ye-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), uzibuthe we-Neodymium ungakhiqiza insimu ezinzile futhi unikeze izithombe zekhwalithi ephezulu.

Imboni ye-Aerospace: Embonini ye-aerospace, uzibuthe we-Neodymium usetshenziselwa ukwenza uhlelo lokuzulazula nokulawula lwendiza, njenge-gyroscope negiya lokuqondisa.I-magnetization yayo ephezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kuyenza ibe yisinqumo esihle.

Sengiphetha, ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okukhethekile kwamakhemikhali nezici ezinhle kakhulu,Ozibuthe bomhlaba abangavamile i-neodymiumidlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yohlelo lokusebenza, ikakhulukazi emishinini kagesi, imishini ye-acoustic, imishini yezokwelapha kanye nemboni ye-aerospace.Kubalulekile futhi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza nokuphila kukazibuthe we-Neodymium, ulawule ukushintsha kwayo kwezinga lokushisa futhi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele zokunqanda ukugqwala.

Ⅱ.Isici nokusebenzisa uzibuthe we-Hematite:

A. Isici sikazibuthe we-Hematite:

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:I-Hematite magnet ikakhulukazi yakhiwe nge-iron ore, equkethe i-iron oxide nokunye ukungcola.Ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali okuyinhloko yi-Fe3O4, okuyi-iron oxide.

I-Magnetism: I-Hematite magnet ine-magnetism emaphakathi futhi ingeyezinto ezibuthakathaka kazibuthe.Lapho insimu yamagnetic yangaphandle ikhona, izibuthe ze-Hematite zizokhiqiza i-magnetism futhi zingaheha ezinye izinto ezibonakalayo.

Ukuphoqelela: I-Hematite magnet ine-Coercivity ephansi kakhulu, okungukuthi, idinga insimu encane yamagnetic yangaphandle ukuze iyenze ibe yizibuthe.Lokhu kwenza izibuthe ze-Hematite ziguquguquke futhi zisebenze kalula kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Ukumelana nokugqwala: I-Hematite magnet izinzile endaweni eyomile, kodwa ijwayele ukugqwala endaweni emanzi noma enomswakama.Ngakho-ke, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, izibuthe ze-Hematite zidinga ukwelashwa okungaphezulu noma ukunamathela ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala.

B. Ukusetshenziswa kwamagnetic Hematite

Izinto ezisetshenziswa kazibuthe zendabuko: Ozibuthe be-Hematite bavame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza izinto ezivamile zikazibuthe, ezifana nozibuthe besiqandisi, izitika kazibuthe, njll. Ngenxa yamandla kazibuthe awo amaphakathi kanye nokuphoqelela okuphansi, izibuthe ze-Hematite zikhangiswa kalula phezu kwensimbi noma ezinye izinto zikazibuthe, futhi zingakhangiswa. zisetshenziselwe ukulungisa izinto, izicubu nezinye izinto.

Impahla yokugcina idatha:I-Hematite magnet nayo inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile kumishini yokugcina idatha.Isibonelo, kuma-hard disk drives, amamagnethi e-Hematite asetshenziselwa ukwenza izendlalelo zikazibuthe endaweni yediski ukuze kugcinwe idatha.

Imishini yokuthwebula yezokwelapha: Ozibuthe be-Hematite baphinde basetshenziswe kakhulu emishinini yokucabanga yezokwelapha, njengezinhlelo ze-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).I-Hematite magnet ingasetshenziswa njengejeneretha yensimu kazibuthe ohlelweni lwe-MRI ukukhiqiza nokulawula insimu kazibuthe, ngaleyo ndlela ibone ukucabangela kwezicubu zomuntu.

Isiphetho: I-Hematite magnet ine-magnetism emaphakathi, i-Coercivity ephansi kanye nokumelana nokugqwala okuthile.Inezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibanzi ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo kazibuthe, amadivaysi okugcina idatha, kanye nezithombe zezokwelapha.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokunqunyelwa kukazibuthe nokusebenza kwayo, ozibuthe be-Hematite abafanele ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga i-magnetism ephakeme kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.

Kunomehluko osobala phakathi kukazibuthe we-Neodymium kanye nozibuthe we-Hematite ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo kazibuthe nezinkundla zohlelo.Uzibuthe we-Neodymium wakhiwe nge-neodymium ne-iron, enozibuthe oqinile kanye Nokuphoqeleka okuphezulu.Isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana nemishini kazibuthe yokushayela, odonsa, amabhakede kazibuthe, namamotho asebenza kahle kakhulu.Ngenxa yokuthi uzibuthe we-Neodymium ungakhiqiza insimu enamandla kazibuthe, ingaguqula amandla kagesi namandla, inikeze insimu yamagnetic ephumelelayo, futhi ithuthukise amandla nokusebenza kahle kwemoto.I-Hematite magnet ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ngensimbi yensimbi, futhi ingxenye eyinhloko yi-Fe3O4.Inozibuthe omaphakathi kanye ne-Coercivity ephansi.Ozibuthe be-Hematite basetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhiqizeni izinto ezibonakalayo kazibuthe zendabuko kanye nemishini ethile yokucabanga yezokwelapha.Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nokugqwala kozibuthe be-Hematite kubi kakhulu, futhi ukwelashwa kwendawo noma ukunamathela kuyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala.

Ukufingqa, kunomehluko phakathi kukazibuthe we-Neodymium kanye nozibuthe we-Hematite ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo kazibuthe nezinkambu zohlelo lokusebenza.Umazibuthe we-Neodymium usebenza ezinkambini ezidinga amandla kazibuthe aqinile kanye Nokuphoqwa okuphezulu, kuyilapho uzibuthe we-Hematite usebenza ekukhiqizeni izinto ezivamile kazibuthe kanye nemishini ethile yokucabanga yezokwelapha.Uma udinga ukuthengacountersunk neodymium inkomishi ozibuthe,sicela usithinte ASAP.Imboni yethu inokuningicountersunk neodymium ozibuthe bayathengiswa.