Zenziwa njani iimagnethi zeneodymium

Siza kukuchaza njaniIimagnethi zeNdFeBzenziwe ngengcaciso elula.Imagnethi ye-neodymium yimagnethi esisigxina eyenziwe kwi-alloy ye-neodymium, intsimbi, kunye ne-boron ukwenza i-Nd2Fe14B ye-tetragonal crystalline structure.Iimagnethi ze-sintered neodymium zenziwa ngokufudumeza ngevacuum amasuntswana esinyithi anqabileyo emhlabeni njengemathiriyeli ekrwada eziko.Emva kokufumana imathiriyeli ekrwada, siya kuqhuba amanyathelo ali-9 ukwenza iimagnethi zeNdFeB kwaye ekugqibeleni sivelise iimveliso ezigqityiweyo.

Lungiselela imathiriyeli yokusabela, ukunyibilika, ukungqusha, ukucofa, ukuntywila, ukutshiza, ukucwenga, ukwenza imagnethi kunye nokuhlola.

Lungiselela imathiriyeli yokusabela

Uhlobo lwekhemikhali yemagnethi ye-neodymium yiNd2Fe14B.

Iimagnethi zidla ngokuba zizityebi ze-Nd kunye ne-B, kwaye iimagnethi ezigqityiweyo zihlala ziqulathe iziza ze-nonmagnetic ze-Nd kunye ne-B kwiinkozo, eziqulethe i-Nd2Fe14B enemagnethi.iinkozo.Ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinqabileyo zomhlaba zinokongezwa ukuze zithathe indawo ye-neodymium: i-dysprosium, i-terbium, i-gadolinium, i-holmium, i-lanthanum, kunye ne-cerium.Ubhedu, i-cobalt, i-aluminium, i-gallium kunye ne-niobium inokongezwa ukuphucula ezinye iipropati zemagnethi.Kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa zombini i-Co kunye neDy kunye.Zonke izinto zokwenza iimagnethi zebakala elikhethiweyo zibekwe kwisithando somlilo se-vacuum induction, sifudunyezwe kwaye sinyibilike ukwenza i-alloy material.

Ukunyibilika

Iimathiriyeli ekrwada kufuneka zinyibilikiswe kwi-vacuum induction furnace ukwenza i-alloy ye-Nd2Fe14B.Imveliso ifudunyezwa ngokudala i-vortex, yonke iphantsi kwe-vacuum ukuthintela ukungcoliseka ekungeneni kwi-reaction.Imveliso yokugqibela yale nyathelo yi-tribbon cast sheet (i-SC sheet) eyenziwe ngeekristale ze-Nd2Fe14B ezifanayo.Inkqubo yokunyibilika kufuneka yenziwe ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu ukunqanda i-oxidation egqithisileyo yeentsimbi zomhlaba ezinqabileyo.

Ukugaya

Inkqubo yokugaya i-2-step isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa.Inyathelo lokuqala, elibizwa ngokuba yi-hydrogen detonation, libandakanya ukusabela phakathi kwe-hydrogen kunye ne-neodymium nge-alloy, ukwaphula ii-SC flakes zibe ngamasuntswana amancinane.Isinyathelo sesibini, esibizwa ngokuba yi-jet milling, ijika iinqununu ze-Nd2Fe14B zibe ngamancinci amancinci, ukusuka kububanzi ukusuka kwi-2-5μm.I-Jet milling inciphisa izinto ezibangela ukuba zibe ngumgubo wesayizi encinci kakhulu.Umyinge wobungakanani bamasuntswana ujikeleze i-3 microns.

Ukucinezela

I-NdFeB powder icinezelwe ibe yinto eqinileyo kwimo efunwayo kwindawo eqinile yamagnetic.Isiqina esicinezelweyo siya kufumana kwaye sigcine ukuqhelaniswa kwemagnetization ekhethwayo.Kubuchule obubizwa ngokuba yi-die-upsetting, umgubo ucinezelwa ube sisiqina kwindawo emalunga ne-725°C.Isiqina ke sibekwe kwisingundo sesibini, apho sixinzelelwa kwimilo ebanzi, malunga nesiqingatha sobude baso bokuqala.Oku kwenza ulwalathiso lwemagnethi olukhethwayo ludibane nelathiso le-extrusion.Kwiimilo ezithile, kukho iindlela ezibandakanya ii-clamps ezivelisa i-magnetic field ngexesha lokucinezela ukulungelelanisa amasuntswana.

Sintering

Izinto eziqinileyo ze-NdFeB ezicinezelweyo kufuneka zifakwe emanzini ukwenza iibhloko ze-NdFeB.Izinto eziphathekayo zixinzelelwe kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu (ukuya kwi-1080 ° C) ngaphantsi kwendawo yokuncibilika kwezinto kuze kube yilapho iinqununu zayo zihambelana.Inkqubo ye-sintering inamanyathelo ama-3: i-dehydrogenation, i-sintering kunye ne-teering.

Umatshini

Iimagnethi ezisikiweyo zisikwa zibe ziimilo ezinqwenelekayo kunye nobukhulu kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokusila.Ngaphantsi kwesiqhelo, iimilo ezintsonkothileyo ezibizwa ngokuba ziimilo ezingaqhelekanga ziveliswa yi-electrical discharge machining (EDM).Ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu lezinto eziphathekayo, ilahleko yezinto eziphathekayo ngenxa ye-machining igcinwa ubuncinane.ITekhnoloji yeHuizhou Fullzen ilunge kakhulu ekwenzeni iimagnethi ezingaqhelekanga.

Ukwambathisa/Ukwaleka

I-NdFeB engafakwanga imdaka kakhulu kwaye iphulukana nemagnethi yayo ngokukhawuleza xa imanzi.Ke, zonke iimagnethi ze-neodymium ezithengiswayo zifuna ukugquma.Iimagnethi zomntu ngamnye zifakwe kwimigangatho emithathu: i-nickel, ubhedu kunye ne-nickel.Ukufumana ezinye iintlobo zokugquma, nceda ucofe "Qhagamshelana nathi".

Imagnethi

Umazibuthe ubekwe kwindawo ebonisa umazibuthe kwindawo eyomeleleyo yemagnethi kangangexesha elifutshane.Yikhoyili enkulu ejijelwe kwimagnethi.Izixhobo ezenziwe ngemagnethi zisebenzisa iibhanki ze-capacitor kunye nombane ophakamileyo kakhulu ukufumana amandla akhoyo ngexesha elifutshane.

Ukuhlolwa

Jonga umgangatho weemagnethi eziphumela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo.Iprojekti yokulinganisa yedijithali iqinisekisa imilinganiselo.Iisistim zokulinganisa ubukhulu bokwambathisa zisebenzisa itekhnoloji yeX-reyi fluorescence ziqinisekisa ubuninzi beengubo.Uvavanyo lwarhoqo kwisitshizi setyuwa kunye novavanyo lwesitshizi soxinzelelo lukwaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwengubo.Imephu ye-hysteresis ilinganisa igophe le-BH lemagnethi, eqinisekisa ukuba zenziwe ngemagnethi ngokupheleleyo, njengoko kulindelekile kudidi lwemagnethi.

Ekugqibeleni sifumene imveliso yemagnethi efanelekileyo.